[MAIPC] Update biological control of garlic mustard in Canada and Japanese Knotweed

Mon Nov 18 18:49:59 PST 2019

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/newsroom/federal-register-posts/sa_by_date/
sa-2019/japanese-knotweed

APHIS Seeks Comments on Environmental Assessment for the Release of the
Japanese knotweed psyllid to Biologically Control Japanese, Giant, and
Bohemian Knotweeds

Last Modified: May 29, 2019 

USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has assessed the
potential environmental impacts associated with releasing the Japanese
knotweed psyllid (Aphalara itadori) to biologically control Japanese, Giant,
and Bohemian knotweeds (Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis, and F. x
bohemica) within the contiguous United States. These knotweeds are
significant invasive weeds. Based on their thorough analysis, APHIS
scientists have determined that the release of this psyllid would not have a
significant impact on the environment.  

We are making the environmental assessment available to the public for
review and comment for a 30 day period that ends on June 27, 2019. APHIS
will review and respond to all comments received. If the public does not
raise any significant concerns, we will issue a Finding of No Significant
Impact (FONSI) and begin issuing permits to release Japanese knotweed
psyllid into the environment. 

Review and comment on this this notice in the Federal Register at
<https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=APHIS-2019-0002-0001>
https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=APHIS-2019-0002-0001.

https://www.lancasterfarming.com/news/main_edition/usda-plans-to-release-kno
tweed-biocontrol/article_07839c33-56d1-52f1-89ec-81d5c2b65c88.html

USDA Plans to Release Knotweed Biocontrol 

*	Philip Gruber News Editor
*	May 31, 2019
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An aggressive, hard-to-kill weed that chokes riparian buffers in the
Northeast could soon be under attack from one of its natural enemies.

USDA plans to release the knotweed psyllid in the United States, the agency
said Tuesday.

The Japanese insect feeds on the sap of the giant, Japanese and Bohemian
knotweed.

From: Marc Imlay <ialm at erols.com> 
Sent: Monday, November 18, 2019 9:33 PM
To: ialm at erols.com
Subject: Update biological control of garlic mustard in Canada

https://blog.cabi.org/2018/12/18/giving-garlic-mustard-the-biocontrol-treatm
ent/

In August and October 2018, Dr. Rob Bourchier, from Agriculture and
Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) released the
<https://www.cabi.org/projects/project/62322> first biocontrol agent against
garlic mustard in North America - the root mining weevil Ceutorhynchus
scrobicollis.  Weevil larvae in lab-inoculated plants and adults were
released at a garlic mustard site in Ontario, Canada. 

A population  model predicted  that of all agents investigated, C.
scrobicollis will have the most significant impact on garlic mustard. If the
weevils survive the winter and establish themselves in the wild, they are
expected to reduce the density of the weed at existing sites and slow its
spread to new sites.  The project will continue to closely monitor the
weevil's progress and assess whether they live up to the model's prediction.

The scientific and regulatory process of releasing C. scrobicollis has been
years in the making. It started when CABI's Switzerland centre was
commissioned to look for natural enemies of garlic mustard in its native
European range in 1998. After initial literature and field surveys, several
potential agents (mostly weevils) were studied. 

Thorough safety testing done at CABI in Switzerland and under quarantine
conditions at the University of Minnesota in the U.S. demonstrated that
C.scrobicollis targeted garlic mustard effectively without damaging other
native species. Building on this breakthrough, the first petition for field
release of the weevil was submitted to the North American regulatory
authorities. 

Following extensive consultation, supplemental testing and review by
regulators, Canada approved the release of the biocontrol agent in June
2018. The research teams are hopeful that a release permit will soon be
granted for the United States, which is being pursued by Drs. Jeanie
Katovich, Roger Becker, George Heimpel and Ph.D. candidate Mary Marek-Spartz
at the University of Minnesota. 

In 2019, the weevil rearing program at the University of Minnesota, European
field collections by CABI and field expertise from AAFC will be combined to
expand the number of weevil release sites in Ontario. These release
experiments will focus on defining the conditions that favour C.
scrobicollis survival and population growth.

While conducting pre-release studies, researchers collaborating from the
U.S., Canada, and CABI have amassed a wealth of experience rearing this
insect. This knowledge will be a huge benefit as the teams develop a
prescription for the use of C.scrobicollis in North America.

 <https://www.cabi.org/projects/project/62322> For more information, visit
the project page on Biological control of garlic mustard

* Mycorrhizas are fungal associations between plant roots and beneficial
fungi.

 <https://www.lccmr.leg.mn/proposals/2017/original/107-d.pdf>
https://www.lccmr.leg.mn/proposals/2017/original/107-d.pdf

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