[MAIPC] Mycorrhizal function on soil aggregate stability in root zone and root-free hyphae zone of trifoliate orange

Wed Dec 15 06:11:43 PST 2021

*   <https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/sce/maryland-chapter/Campaigns/Natural_Places/Why%20Plants%20and%20People%20need%20Fungi%20by%20William%20Needham%20Sierra%20Club%2013%20January%202021.pptx> "The Mushroom Chronicles" with William Needham (Jan. 13, 2021)

Trifoliate Orange is a concerning plant in the ornamental trade, and caution should be used when thinking about planting this tree. It is a very aggressive invader, thoroughly outcompeting many native species at ground level. Trifoliate Orange produces myriad seedlings in the subcanopy, and plants can be characterized as branching, thorny, tall shrub thickets. Thickets form in the vicinity of fruiting individuals and fruit is additionally dispersed by mammals eating the fruit.

TRIFOLIATE ORANGE (Hardy Orange or Flying Dragon) <http://nc-ipc.weebly.com/uploads/6/8/4/6/6846349/trifoliate_orange.pdf#:~:text=Trifoliate%20Orange%20is%20a%20concerning%20plant%20in%20the,is%20additionally%20dispersed%20by%20mammals%20eating%20the%20fruit.> 

Qiang-Sheng Wu

A.K. Srivastava

 Mycorrhizal function on soil aggregate stability in root zone and root-free hyphae zone of trifoliate orange

Ming-Qin Cao

and Jing Wang

College of Horticulture and Gardening/Institute of Root Biology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou,China;

 National Research Centre for Citrus, Nagpur, India

 Received 23 March 2014; accepted 31 July 2014

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) influence soil aggregate stability through their hyphae, roots, and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP); however, the individual effect of these factors is difficult to distinguish. Pots separated by a 37-μm mesh bag buriedin the middle of each pot was used to establish root zone (root + hyphae) and hyphaezone (roots free), where the Poncirus trifoliata seedlings were colonized by Funneliformis mosseae or  Paraglomus occultum

 in root zone. AMF inoculation sig-nificantly increased shoot, root, and plants total biomass, soil organic carbon, GRSPfractions, 2 – 4 and 1 – 2 mm size water-stable aggregates, and mean weight diameter (MWD) in root or hyphae zone. Within root zone, root colonization and biomass presented stronger relationship with MWD than GRSP fractions. While, within hyphaezone, total of GRSP fraction was significantly correlated with MWD. The study,suggested further that root biomass and colonization were the main mechanisms inroot zone for improving aggregate stability, whereas total of GRSP fractions was of  paramount importance in hyphae zone. Mycorrhizal effect on aggregate stability wasobserved to be contrastingly different between root zone and hyphae zone.

Keywords:

 arbuscular mycorrhiza; glomalin-related soil protein; hyphae; mean weight diameter; root 

Introduction

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which occur abundantly in all terrestrial soilecosystems, are known for mutualistic associations with ~80% of land plants (Salvioli& Bonfante 2013). AMF are reported to derive 4 – 20% of plant carbohydrates for itsgrowth and development, and in return AMF enhance nutrient acquisition and water absorption of host plants by extending hyphae beyond the nutrient depletion zone of roots (Phillips et al. 2013). Therefore, arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis can protect thehost plant against pathogens and provide greater tolerance against abiotic stresses (Ortaset al. 2011; Poovarasan et al. 2013; Wu, Srivastava, et al. 2013).Soil aggregate stability is an important physical indicator of soil structure (Rawlinset al. 2013) and is highly related to soil physicochemical and biological properties (Borieet al. 2008; Zádorová et al. 2011). AMF have shown their impacts on soil aggregatestability through the development of extraradical hyphae network from mycorrhizal rootsinto the surrounding soil, where hyphae directly enmesh soil particles <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256854164_The_effects_of_arbuscular_mycorrhizal_hyphal_networks_on_soil_aggregations_of_purple_soil_in_southwest_China?el=1_x_8&enrichId=rgreq-3213d2ae-7b34-4745-8f9f-e84006bd94ed&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzI3MTk5MjAxNztBUzoyMTI2NzI2NTA5NzczMDdAMTQyNzcxNjUxOTgyNA==>  (Peng et al. <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256854164_The_effects_of_arbuscular_mycorrhizal_hyphal_networks_on_soil_aggregations_of_purple_soil_in_southwest_China?el=1_x_8&enrichId=rgreq-3213d2ae-7b34-4745-8f9f-e84006bd94ed&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzI3MTk5MjAxNztBUzoyMTI2NzI2NTA5NzczMDdAMTQyNzcxNjUxOTgyNA==>  2013) <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256854164_The_effects_of_arbuscular_mycorrhizal_hyphal_networks_on_soil_aggregations_of_purple_soil_in_southwest_China?el=1_x_8&enrichId=rgreq-3213d2ae-7b34-4745-8f9f-e84006bd94ed&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzI3MTk5MjAxNztBUzoyMTI2NzI2NTA5NzczMDdAMTQyNzcxNjUxOTgyNA==>  or release a special glycoprotein, known as glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) into soils, binding soil aggregates to varying proportions (Rillig 2004; Wu et al. 2012; Wu, He, et al

From: PDF By Anoop Kumar Srivastava <updates at academia-mail.com <mailto:updates at academia-mail.com> > 
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Subject: 📄 "Mycorrhizal function on soil aggregate stability in root zone and root-free hyphae zone of trifoliate orange" by Anoop Kumar Srivastava

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You read the paper  <https://www.academia.edu/keypass/OE5uMkdJTmQ2TjUvWVI4ZC9VdHE3ekZzbmxUdXF1M1M4K3hrWGEwbWsrMD0tLXdrRXFtZmtYd1BBUElLdVEwYlp4emc9PQ==--fda281898ace0499b844710c230747cb739f4b8a/t/rZB3h-P2uK0tD-M48Fb/resource/work/24246650?email_work_card=interaction-paper> Mycorrhizae: Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry. A related paper is available on Academia.

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