<div dir="ltr"><div><div>The other issue with deer is that they spread around Microstegium seed from their hooves and fur as they travel, so that infestations appear to grow faster and denser where there are many deer. We humans also are culprits in spreading the seed via our own disturbance. In Northern Virginia, I have seen dense stiltgrass stands in fairly shady areas, so I am not convinced that shading makes that much difference. although surely it helps. Any way you look at it, the deer contribute to the problem. Cheers,<br>
<br></div>Steve Young<br></div>Arlington VA<br><div><br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Sep 23, 2013 at 3:54 PM, Landandforest <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:landandforest@gmail.com" target="_blank">landandforest@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto"><div>I agree that deer management should be utilized as another tool In the toolbox of IPM as well as light manipulation and herbicides to combat invasives. I have noticed the ring around American beech where I currently am applying pre-emergent control for next growing season in heavily infested forest stands of Japanese stilt grass and mile-a-minute. I wish we could get the Crummies Creek virus or blight to infest our stilt grass populations in south central PA and central MD.<br>
<br>Sent from my iPhone</div><div><div class="h5"><div><br>On Sep 23, 2013, at 3:49 PM, <<a href="mailto:rachel@fohvos.org" target="_blank">rachel@fohvos.org</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana"><div>
Unfortunately, deer do not eat the stiltgrass. </div><div><br></div><div>Deer browse the natives, which has left the forests of central NJ without a sapling, shrub, and herb layer. More light reaches the forest floor.<br>
</div><div><br></div><div>In healthy forests, with less deer pressure, there native plants below the canopy level. These plants create a level of shade that significantly reduces or eliminates the presence of stiltgrass. </div>
<div><br></div><div>I've observed this to be true in upland, mesic, and lowland forests. </div><div><br></div><div>I'd been interested if anyone else has observed the stiltgrass-free ring that occurs beneath a robust shrub or sapling.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Deer management is a great tool in invasive species control, right next to herbicide. <br></div><div><br></div><div>Rachel<br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br>
</div><div><br></div><div>Rachel Mackow<br>Land Steward / NJISST Central Region Coordinator <br><br>Friends of Hopewell Valley Open Space<br>P.O. Box 395, Pennington, NJ 08534<br>Tel: <a href="tel:%28609%29%20730-1560" value="+16097301560" target="_blank">(609) 730-1560</a> Fax: <a href="tel:%28609%29%20730-1561" value="+16097301561" target="_blank">(609) 730-1561</a><br>
<a href="http://www.fohvos.org" target="_blank">http://www.fohvos.org</a>/</div><div> </div><div> </div><div><br><br></div>
<blockquote style="padding-left:8px;font-size:10pt;margin-left:8px;font-family:verdana;border-left:2px solid blue">
<div>
-------- Original Message --------<br>
Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Stiltgrass control<br>
From: Kathi Mestayer <<a href="mailto:kwren@widomaker.com" target="_blank">kwren@widomaker.com</a>><br>
Date: Mon, September 23, 2013 3:20 pm<br>
To: <<a href="mailto:rachel@fohvos.org" target="_blank">rachel@fohvos.org</a>><br>
Cc: <a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><br>
<br>
wow. Send some of your deer down our way....ours aren't eating the stiltgrass at all. And it's flourishing in full shade. Maybe that's just because it's so much hotter down here?<div>k</div><div><br><div>
<span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;text-align:auto;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;font-size:medium;white-space:normal;font-family:Palatino;word-spacing:0px"><div>
<div style="font-size:14px">Kathi Mestayer</div><div style="font-size:14px">KMA Consulting</div><div style="font-size:14px">105 Gilley Drive</div><div style="font-size:14px">Williamsburg, Va 23188</div><div style="font-size:14px">
<a href="mailto:kwren@widomaker.com" target="_blank">kwren@widomaker.com</a></div><div style="font-size:14px"><a href="tel:757-229-6575" value="+17572296575" target="_blank">757-229-6575</a></div><div style="font-size:14px">
<a href="tel:757-229-9396" value="+17572299396" target="_blank">757-229-9396</a> (fax)</div></div><div style="font-size:14px"><br></div><div style="font-size:14px">"There are 10 kinds of people -- people who understand binary and people who don't."</div>
<div style="font-size:14px">- Anon.</div><div><br></div></span><br> </div> <br><div><div>On Sep 23, 2013, at 12:37 PM, <<a href="mailto:rachel@fohvos.org" target="_blank">rachel@fohvos.org</a>> wrote:</div><br><div>
<span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Verdana"><div>Hi Marc,</div><div>In forest habitats, Stiltgrass is usually controlled by shade cast by native seedlings, shrubs and small trees, as well as herbs and grasses. Most of these forms of plant life are browsed excessively, however...<br>
</div><div><br></div><div>In deer exclosures, jewelweed is a great control method. Is deer management an option on the preserve and adjacent parcels?<br></div><div><br></div><div>On a very limited basis, I have smothered the seeds with oak leaves removed from my driveway. I placed the leaves in a forest exclosure beneath a red maple canopy. This is feasible in garden-like situations.<br>
</div><div><br></div><div>Rachel<br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Rachel Mackow<br>Land Steward / NJISST Central Region Coordinator <br><br>Friends of Hopewell Valley Open Space<br>P.O. Box 395, Pennington, NJ 08534<br>
Tel: <a href="tel:%28609%29%20730-1560" value="+16097301560" target="_blank">(609) 730-1560</a> Fax: <a href="tel:%28609%29%20730-1561" value="+16097301561" target="_blank">(609) 730-1561</a><br><a href="http://www.fohvos.org/" target="_blank">http://www.fohvos.org</a>/</div>
<div> </div><div> </div><div><br><br></div> <blockquote style="padding-left:8px;font-size:10pt;margin-left:8px;font-family:verdana;border-left:2px solid blue"> <div> -------- Original Message --------<br> Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Stiltgrass control<br>
From: Bruce Barbour <<a href="mailto:barbour@RCE.Rutgers.edu" target="_blank">barbour@RCE.Rutgers.edu</a>><br> Date: Wed, September 04, 2013 10:42 am<br> To: <a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><br>
<br> <div>Marc,<br> I notice you did mention herbicides. Research has shown effectiveness of crabgrass pre-emergent herbicides on stiltgrass and, if the site warrants it, you can also kill stiltgrass with post emergent selective grass herbicides such as Poast and Fusilaide. Of course, depending on your state law and the material selected there may be a requirement to have the application done by a certified pesticide applicator.<br>
Bruce<br> <u></u>================================================== Bruce Barbour Voice: <a href="tel:908-475-6505" value="+19084756505" target="_blank">908-475-6505</a> Ag & Resource Management Agent Fax: <a href="tel:908-475-6514" value="+19084756514" target="_blank">908-475-6514</a> Rutgers Cooperative Extension Mobile: <a href="tel:908-309-7660" value="+19083097660" target="_blank">908-309-7660</a> RCE of Warren County 165 Route 519 South Belvidere, N.J. 07823-1949 Internet: <a href="mailto:Barbour@Aesop.Rutgers.Edu" target="_blank">Barbour@Aesop.Rutgers.Edu</a> ===================================================== Learn more about the Rutgers Environmental Stewards at <a href="http://envirostewards.rutgers.edu/" target="_blank">http://envirostewards.rutgers.edu/</a> On 9/4/2013 8:00 AM, Marc Imlay wrote:<br>
<u></u></div> <blockquote type="cite"> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><strong><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span>How is Japanese Stiltgrass control going on in your park? </span></font></strong></div> <div dir="ltr" align="left">
<strong><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span></span></font></strong> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><strong><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span>This year I have had the ability to only remove all the Japanese Stiltgrass over 150 acres at the 200 acre Ruth B. Swann Park in Charles county, MD. We</span></font></strong><font><strong><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial" size="3"> have removed all the stiltgrass every year since 200<span>4</span>. It should be gone since the seed bank is supposed to be only 5 years. When I removed all the stiltgrass in the 200 acre Swann Park in the last decade stiltgrass was gone by the 5th year and almost gone by the 4th year.</font></strong></font></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><font><strong></strong></font> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><span> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong>So what has changed? Climate change is one answer. For the past few years in an open area at Swann Park I would remove all the stilt gras and beefsteak plant in July and come back in late August to remove late emergents. The amount of work in August was only 10% of the amount of work in July. Now it is an equal amount. In fact, I had to remove beefsteak plant 3 times to be sure I got late emergents. </strong></span></font></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong></strong></span></font> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong>Other explanations include deer movement and movement of stiltgrass down streams<span>.</span> 90 % of the massive new populations that have sudenly apppeared at Swann Park are not near streams and not where people use the park. Deer may be more effective in bringing in stiltgrass since the areas contiguous with Swann Park are now covered with stiltgrass so it is easier to come in. So stiltgrass is probably moving in by deer and water from abundant sources from outside of the park. </strong></span></font></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong></strong></span></font> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><span> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong>In conclusion, we have three choices. We can apply for a large crew to join us to control stiltgrass<span>.</span><span> </span></strong></span></font><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong></strong></span></font></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong></strong></span></font> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong>Or we can give up. </strong></span></font></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"><span><strong></strong></span></font> </div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><span><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000ff"><strong>For a third choice <span>please look for stiltgrass dying from leaf blight. M</span>y major concern about waiting for the leaf blight bio-control to become available years from now is stiltgrass moving in to the massive pristine areas of the <span>200</span> acre <span>p</span>ark. </strong><span><font> </font><font size="3"><strong>I found one such patch, about 10' x 20' in early September last year in the middle of Swann Park. I left the contiguous stiltgrass untreated slightly down the hill for about 20' and will check it out next week. If you find such a patch there are researchers that may be interested in looking at the patch. </strong></font></span></font></font></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" align="left"><span><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000ff"><span><span></span><div style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px"><span><span><span><strong><span><font color="#0000ff"><font face="Arial"><span>Marc Imlay, PhD <br>
</span><span>Chair of the Biodiversity and Habitat Stewardship Committee for the Maryland Chapter of the Sierra Club.</span></font></font></span><br> </strong></span></span></span></div></span></font></font></span></div>
<font face="Arial"><font color="#0000ff"> <div style="MARGIN-TOP:0px;MARGIN-BOTTOM:0px"><span></span> </div> </font></font></span></div> <div dir="ltr" align="left"><a href="http://myhosting.com/" target="_blank"><span style="COLOR:#006699;TEXT-DECORATION:none"></span></a><span></span><font color="#0000ff" face="Arial"> </font></div>
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