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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'> Bruckart, William [mailto:William.Bruckart@ARS.USDA.GOV] <br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 27, 2015 8:44 AM<br><b>To:</b> ialm@erols.com<br><b>Subject:</b> RE: [INVASIVES] [MAIPC] Native meadows<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Hi Mark,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Not sure who Bob is, but I’ll put in my $0.02. Bull thistle is biennial and simply keeping it from seeding will, when the seed bank is depleted, be controlled. Canada thistle is a perennial. Mowing will have an effect, but other treatments should be included to speed the process. The rust disease that Dana Berner promoted is effective as far as I know, but it takes a few years before a patch is eliminated. Attached is a paper that addresses effects of mowing and biological control for Canada thistle. Hope that helps.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Cheers!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Bill<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>William L. Bruckart, III<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>USDA, ARS, FDWSRU<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>1301 Ditto Ave.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Ft. Detrick, MD 21702<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> Phone: 301/619-2846<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> Email: <a href="mailto:william.bruckart@ars.usda.gov">william.bruckart@ars.usda.gov</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:windowtext'> Maryland Invasive Species Council [<a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Marc Imlay<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 27, 2015 8:33 AM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [INVASIVES] [MAIPC] Native meadows<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Hi Bob,<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>What is the deal on the species of rust attempted to be used for Canada Thistle discussed at the MISC meeting? <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Also, What is the status of effective, host specific, biological controls of Emerald Ash Borer? Thanks.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological control working Group <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator.</span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'> </span></b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'><br></span></b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'><a href="blocked::blocked::tel:(301)%20442-5657" target="_blank" title="blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657
blocked::tel:(301) 442-5657"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>(301) 442-5657</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'> cell </span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'><a href="blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank" title="blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com
blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue'>ialm@erols.com</span></a><br></span><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'>Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<br></span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'><a href="http://www.pgparks.com/" target="_blank" title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked"><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:blue;text-decoration:none'>www.pgparks.com</span></b></a></span><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'> </span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'> MAIPC [<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Brian Campbell<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, May 22, 2015 5:16 PM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [MAIPC] Native meadows<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Hi everyone,<br><br>I am in the process of converting some fescue pastures to native wildflower/grass meadows. I use glyphosate to kill off each pasture 3 times (spring-autumn-spring) then seed it. I understand that flushes of dormant weeds (foxtail, oxeye daisy) are common during the meadow establishment. <br><br>Biennial thistles (e.g. bull thistle) are showing up in amazing numbers following our 1st seeding. Should I devote as much energy as possible to killing thistles in our native meadows or will they decrease once the native plants get established?<br><br>Thanks to everyone who uses & contributes to this mailing list!<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>-- <br><b>Brian Campbell</b><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:windowtext'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div>
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