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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>I read a study a decade ago that the when the non-native lambs quarters met the native in our region many, many years ago, they got mixed together, and even hybridized, and it is difficult to tell if a specific specimen is the native or introduced. The general advice was to consider it native. Marc<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> Stephen Hiltner [mailto:stevehiltner@gmail.com] <br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, May 28, 2015 7:29 AM<br><b>To:</b> Marc Imlay<br><b>Cc:</b> Brian Campbell; maipc@lists.maipc.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Native meadows<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>A plant that can be both native and introduced at the same time is truly special. I'd say the plant is easier to ingest than the concept.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Thu, May 28, 2015 at 7:00 AM, Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank">ialm@erols.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><a href="http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CHAL7" target="_blank">http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CHAL7</a></span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>USDA reports</span></b><b><i><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> Chenopodium</span></i></b><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> <i>album</i> <span style='color:#1F497D'>both native and introduced in the lower 48 states. More specifically, </span><i>Chenopodium</i> <i>album</i> L. var. <i>missouriense</i> (Aellen) I.J. Bassett & C.W. Crompton <br>Missouri lambsquarters is native in our region. <span style='color:#1F497D'><a href="http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CHALM2" target="_blank">http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CHALM2</a></span></span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological control working Group </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator.</span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'> </span></b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'><br></span></b><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>(301) 442-5657 cell </span></b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><br></span><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'>Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<br></span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><a href="http://www.pgparks.com/" target="_blank" title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
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blocked::blocked::blocke"><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;text-decoration:none'>www.pgparks.com</span></b></a></span><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> MAIPC [mailto:<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Marc Imlay<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 27, 2015 10:38 PM<br><b>To:</b> 'Stephen Hiltner'; 'Brian Campbell'</span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><br><b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Native meadows<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Some folks consider lambs quarters native even if global. </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Marc Imlay, PhD, </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Chair of the Biodiversity and Habitat Stewardship Committee for the Maryland Chapter of the Sierra Club</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> MAIPC [<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Stephen Hiltner<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 27, 2015 4:25 PM<br><b>To:</b> Brian Campbell<br><b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Native meadows</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>In several instances--not on meadow restorations--I've observed that lambs quarters can grow very densely the first year after soil is disturbed, then largely disappear in subsequent years without any efforts to discourage it. Can't say whether any other weedy species have that deceptive first year surge.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>On Fri, May 22, 2015 at 5:16 PM, Brian Campbell <<a href="mailto:bmc@kinlochfarm.com" target="_blank">bmc@kinlochfarm.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Hi everyone,<br><br>I am in the process of converting some fescue pastures to native wildflower/grass meadows. I use glyphosate to kill off each pasture 3 times (spring-autumn-spring) then seed it. I understand that flushes of dormant weeds (foxtail, oxeye daisy) are common during the meadow establishment. <br><br>Biennial thistles (e.g. bull thistle) are showing up in amazing numbers following our 1st seeding. Should I devote as much energy as possible to killing thistles in our native meadows or will they decrease once the native plants get established?<br><br>Thanks to everyone who uses & contributes to this mailing list!<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='color:#888888'>-- <br><b>Brian Campbell</b></span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>_______________________________________________<br>MAIPC mailing list<br><a href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a><br><a href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org" target="_blank">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=1 width="99%" noshade style='color:#909090' align=center></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 6.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="http://www.avast.com/" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1026" src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A'>This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. <br><a href="http://www.avast.com/" target="_blank">www.avast.com</a> </span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="99%" noshade style='color:#909090' align=center></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 6.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://www.avast.com/" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1028" src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A'>This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. <br><a href="http://www.avast.com/" target="_blank">www.avast.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div>
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