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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>“the decline of at least five species of frogs found only in these mountains to chytrid, which may have been exacerbated by habitat destruction, pollution and climate change resulting in weaker and more susceptible frogs”<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>So how do our amphibians do with the non-native, invasive, fungi in more pristine habitats?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological control working Group Conservation biologist, <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com</span></a> (301) 442-5657 cell <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Natural and Historical Resources Division The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> aliens-l-request@list.auckland.ac.nz [mailto:aliens-l-request@list.auckland.ac.nz] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Jean-Marc Dufour-Dror (Ph.D)<br><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, May 08, 2016 12:38 AM<br><b>To:</b> aliens-l@list.auckland.ac.nz<br><b>Subject:</b> RE: [Aliens-L] Re Deadly fungus threatens Africa's frogs<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Do we know accurately what is the natural area of occurrence of Bd in Africa ? Is it restricted only to West Africa ?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>JM<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable dir=rtl border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width=211 valign=top style='width:158.45pt;border:none;border-top:solid #3366FF 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal dir=RTL style='text-align:right;line-height:115%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>ד"ר ז'אן-מארק דופור-דרור</span><span lang=HE style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'><br></span><i><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>אקולוג</span></i><i><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><br></span></i><i><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>מחקרים וייעוץ באקולוגיה יישומית</span></i><i><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><br></span></i><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>שחר 1, דירה 6</span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><br></span><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>ירושלים 96263</span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><br></span><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>טלפקס:</span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><span dir=LTR></span><span dir=LTR></span> 02-6523963<br></span><span lang=HE style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>נייד 054-5341513</span><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal dir=RTL style='text-align:right;line-height:115%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><span lang=HE style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'><a href="mailto:jmdd@netvision.net.il"><span lang=EN-US dir=LTR style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:blue'>jmdd@netvision.net.il</span></a></span><span lang=AR-SA style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=357 valign=top style='width:267.65pt;border:none;border-top:solid #3366FF 1.5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right dir=RTL style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:left;line-height:115%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><span dir=LTR style='color:#1F497D'>Jean-Marc Dufour-Dror (Ph.D)<br><i>Ecologist</i><br><i>Research & Consultancy</i> <i>in Applied Ecology</i><br>Shahar st. Bldg 1, Appt 6<br>Jerusalem 96263, ISRAEL<br>TelFax: 02-6523963<br>Mobile: 054-5341513<br><a href="mailto:jmdd@netvision.net.il"><span style='color:blue'>jmdd@netvision.net.il</span></a></span><span dir=LTR style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal align=right dir=RTL style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:left;line-height:115%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed'><i><span dir=LTR style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'>We are drowning in information, while starving for wisdom (E.O. Wilson)</span></i><i><span lang=AR-SA style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></i></p></td></tr></table></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif'> <a href="mailto:aliens-l-request@list.auckland.ac.nz">aliens-l-request@list.auckland.ac.nz</a> [<a href="mailto:aliens-l-request@list.auckland.ac.nz">mailto:aliens-l-request@list.auckland.ac.nz</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Shyama Pagad<br><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, May 07, 2016 11:28 PM<br><b>To:</b> aliens-l Mailing List<br><b>Subject:</b> [Aliens-L] Re Deadly fungus threatens Africa's frogs<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'>Deadly fungus threatens Africa's frogs<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'>Misty mountains, glistening forests and blue-green lakes make Cameroon, the wettest part of Africa, a tropical wonderland for amphibians. The country holds more than half the species living on the continent, including dozens of endemic frogs — an animal that has been under attack across the world by the pervasive chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Africa has been mostly spared from the deadly and rampant pathogen that wiped out entire species in Australia, Madagascar and Panama — until now.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'>University of Florida herpetologist David Blackburn and colleagues at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin have documented declines in frog species on Cameroon’s Mount Oku and Mount Manengouba over a span of more than 12 years. The scientists link the decline of at least five species of frogs found only in these mountains to chytrid, which may have been exacerbated by habitat destruction, pollution and climate change resulting in weaker and more susceptible frogs, said Blackburn, an associate curator of herpetology at the Florida Museum of Natural History on the UF campus....<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'><a href="http://news.ufl.edu/articles/2016/05/deadly-fungus-threatens-african-frogs.php">http://news.ufl.edu/articles/2016/05/deadly-fungus-threatens-african-frogs.php</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'><hr size=3 width="100%" align=center></span></div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'>Mareike Hirschfeld, David C. Blackburn, Thomas M. Doherty-Bone, LeGrand Nono Gonwouo, Sonia Ghose, Mark-Oliver Rödel. <b>Dramatic Declines of Montane Frogs in a Central African Biodiversity Hotspot</b>. PLOS ONE, 2016; 11 (5): e0155129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155129De<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-NZ'>--------------------------------------------------------------------------- <br>Shyama Pagad<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-NZ'><br>Program Officer<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-NZ'>IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-NZ'>University of Auckland, New Zealand<br><br>Tel +64210754381<br>email: <a href="mailto:s.pagad@auckland.ac.nz">s.pagad@auckland.ac.nz</a><br>skype: shyama.pagad<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri Light",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-NZ'><br><a href="http://www.issg.org/">www.issg.org/</a><br>------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>The IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group aims to reduce threats<br>to natural ecosystems and the native species they contain by increasing<br>awareness of the impacts of invasive species; and of ways to prevent<br>their spread and, control or eradicate them.</span><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black;mso-fareast-language:EN-NZ'><br>------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-NZ><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><br />
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