<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.EmailStyle17
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle18
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle19
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:#1F497D;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Another ideal project. Nick Yoder went to a population of the native , non-invasive Wavyleaf Basket grass and did not identify an insect or pathogen controlling it but that is the nature of research. John Peter suggest we look at the edge of a population to see what is controlling its spread. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, MAIPC Biological control working Group </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>From: APWG [<a href="mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org">mailto:apwg-bounces@lists.plantconservation.org</a>] On Behalf Of De Angelis, Patricia<br>Sent: Tuesday, March 14, 2017 12:02 PM<br>To: undisclosed-recipients:<br>Subject: [APWG] FUNDING OPPORTUNITY: USDA-NRCS-Regional Conservation Partnership Program (Deadline April 21) & Webinar to assist with pre-proposals<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>NRCS invites potential conservation partners to submit project applications for fiscal year (FY) 2018 federal funding through RCPP. Project pre-applications are DUE ON or before April 21, 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Read the press release: <a href="https://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentid=2017/01/0006.xml&contentidonly=true">https://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentid=2017/01/0006.xml&contentidonly=true</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Through this fourth RCPP Announcement for Program Funding (APF), NRCS will award up to $252 million dollars to locally driven, public-private partnerships that improve the nation’s water quality, combat drought, enhance soil health, support wildlife habitat and protect agricultural viability. Applicants must match or exceed the federal award with private or local funds. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Learn more about the application requirements, process and due dates -- new funding guide and pre-proposal fillable form now available:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/programs/farmbill/rcpp/?cid=nrcseprd1309629">https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/programs/farmbill/rcpp/?cid=nrcseprd1309629</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>NEW! RCPP 2017 WEBINARS for potential applicants to assist with pre-proposals.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>The webinars will introduce participants to the NRCS and its programs, discuss the RCPP and APF requirements, and offer best practices for project applications.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>The NRCS will offer the webinars from 2:00 – 3:30 PM Eastern Time on these dates:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>*March 22, 2017<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>*April 5, 2017<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Note: The first thirty minutes of each webinar broadcast will focus on the NRCS history and mission, organizational structure, and programs; the final hour will feature RCPP and project applications. Participants familiar with NRCS may join the webinar at 2:00 for the full discussion or 2:30 for the RCPP discussion only.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>For Webinar instructions: <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/programs/farmbill/rcpp/?cid=nrcseprd1316021">https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/programs/farmbill/rcpp/?cid=nrcseprd1316021</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>From: Marc Imlay [<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">mailto:ialm@erols.com</a>] <br>Sent: Friday, July 22, 2016 3:31 AM<br>To: 'Nick.Yoder@mdsierra.org' <<a href="mailto:Nick.Yoder@mdsierra.org">Nick.Yoder@mdsierra.org</a>>; 'nick yoder' <<a href="mailto:yodernick@hotmail.com">yodernick@hotmail.com</a>><br>Subject: Oplismenus project<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Hi Nick,<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>It would be great if you can help us facilitate collaboration of professors, pathologists, entomologists and botanists in North and South Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland on research into biological control of Wavyleaf basketgrass, </span></b><b><i><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> Oplismenus undulatifolius</span></i></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>? It is important that groups dealing with Wavyleaf Basketgrass in Virginia and Maryland are aware of the significant potential of biological control by doing research on the native, non-invasive Oplismenus in nearby North Carolina or South Carolina. The rate at which biological controls have been found to be safe to release, that is host specific, with full research has been found to be 97-99%. One study found that host specific, effective biological controls work on about 30% of our invasive plants following adequate research. So if you can facilitate a student traveling to North Carolina and determining what insects and/or pathogens control Wavyleaf Basketgrass there, that would be great. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#4472C4'>The web site <a href="http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/seflora/firstviewer.htm"><span style='color:#4472C4'>http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/seflora/firstviewer.htm</span></a> shows the six counties in North Carolina where native </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>W</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#4472C4'>avyleaf Basketgrass, Oplismenus hirtellus ssp setarius, occurs and can be researched for the life cycle. Two are close to Virginia. The native insects and pathogens that prevent the native Oplismenus from being invasive could then be potential biological controls for the non-native Oplismenus in Virginia and Maryland. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>A biological control for Japanese Stiltgrass is being researched now in Asia. They are at phase two verifying the Chinese literature which indicates, for example, 3 species of rust as host specific to Microstegium. The difficulty in researching Oplismenus in Asia, however, is that Oplismenus is native to the USA, unlike Microstegium, and therefore it is less likely that there is a host specific insect pathogen or insect when transfered from Asia. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#4472C4'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#002060'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological control working Group <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#002060'>Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator. <br>(301) 442-5657 cell <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank" title="blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com"><span style='color:#002060'>ialm@erols.com</span></a><br>Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<br><a href="http://www.pgparks.com/" target="_blank" title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.co"><span style='color:#002060;text-decoration:none'>www.pgparks.com</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center></span></b></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>From: Beauchamp, Vanessa B. [<a href="mailto:VBeauchamp@towson.edu">mailto:VBeauchamp@towson.edu</a>] <br>Sent: Sunday, September 28, 2014 5:43 PM<br>To: Marc Imlay; <a href="mailto:ipetrus1@verizon.net">ipetrus1@verizon.net</a>; <a href="mailto:rwestbrooks@intrstar.net">rwestbrooks@intrstar.net</a>; <a href="mailto:kjamir@comcast.net">kjamir@comcast.net</a>; <a href="mailto:jvan7423@yahoo.com">jvan7423@yahoo.com</a>; <a href="mailto:wesley.Knapp@Maryland.gov">wesley.Knapp@Maryland.gov</a>; <a href="mailto:JFrancismd@verizon.net">JFrancismd@verizon.net</a>; 'Palmer, James G.'; <a href="mailto:mellis@umd.edu">mellis@umd.edu</a>; 'Garrett,Chris'; 'Lowe, Kyle'; <a href="mailto:Rod.Simmons@alexandriava.gov">Rod.Simmons@alexandriava.gov</a>; <a href="mailto:Jil_Swearingen@nps.gov">Jil_Swearingen@nps.gov</a>; 'Hough-Goldstein, J A'; 'Bruckart, William'; 'Andrew H. Baldwin'; 'Stephanie A Yarwood'; 'Kerrie L. Kyde -DNR-'; <a href="mailto:donnamfoster@fs.fed.us">donnamfoster@fs.fed.us</a>; <a href="mailto:maipc-brd@lists.maipc.org">maipc-brd@lists.maipc.org</a>; 'MNPS Board'; 'Sara Tangren'; 'Charlie Davis'; <a href="mailto:kim.finch@ppd.mccppc.org">kim.finch@ppd.mccppc.org</a>; 'Juba, Marc'; <a href="mailto:MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG">MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG</a>; <a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a>; <a href="mailto:NativePlantseast@yahoogroups.com">NativePlantseast@yahoogroups.com</a>; <a href="mailto:vnps-pot@yahoogroups.com">vnps-pot@yahoogroups.com</a><br>Subject: RE: Oplismenus project<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'>I would love to conduct a project like this. All I need is funding for the research and graduate student stipend. If anyone is interested in collaborating, let me know. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'>-Vanessa<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center></span></b></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'>From: Marc Imlay [ialm@erols.com]<br>Sent: Sunday, September 28, 2014 7:10 AM<br>To: <a href="mailto:ipetrus1@verizon.net">ipetrus1@verizon.net</a>; <a href="mailto:rwestbrooks@intrstar.net">rwestbrooks@intrstar.net</a>; <a href="mailto:kjamir@comcast.net">kjamir@comcast.net</a>; Beauchamp, Vanessa B.; <a href="mailto:jvan7423@yahoo.com">jvan7423@yahoo.com</a>; <a href="mailto:wesley.Knapp@Maryland.gov">wesley.Knapp@Maryland.gov</a>; <a href="mailto:JFrancismd@verizon.net">JFrancismd@verizon.net</a>; 'Palmer, James G.'; <a href="mailto:mellis@umd.edu">mellis@umd.edu</a>; 'Garrett,Chris'; 'Lowe, Kyle'; <a href="mailto:Rod.Simmons@alexandriava.gov">Rod.Simmons@alexandriava.gov</a>; <a href="mailto:Jil_Swearingen@nps.gov">Jil_Swearingen@nps.gov</a>; 'Hough-Goldstein, J A'; 'Bruckart, William'; 'Andrew H. Baldwin'; 'Stephanie A Yarwood'; 'Kerrie L. Kyde -DNR-'; <a href="mailto:donnamfoster@fs.fed.us">donnamfoster@fs.fed.us</a>; <a href="mailto:maipc-brd@lists.maipc.org">maipc-brd@lists.maipc.org</a>; 'MNPS Board'; 'Sara Tangren'; 'Charlie Davis'; <a href="mailto:kim.finch@ppd.mccppc.org">kim.finch@ppd.mccppc.org</a>; 'Juba, Marc'; <a href="mailto:MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG">MD-CONS-INVASIVES@LISTS.SIERRACLUB.ORG</a>; <a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a>; <a href="mailto:NativePlantseast@yahoogroups.com">NativePlantseast@yahoogroups.com</a>; <a href="mailto:vnps-pot@yahoogroups.com">vnps-pot@yahoogroups.com</a><br>Subject: Oplismenus project<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Hi advocates for control of wavyleaf basketgrass,</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'> Just a reminder. Please see the bottom paragraph below. It would be good</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> to </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>facilitate research on native biological controls for wavyleaf basket grass by researching the native basketgrass, which is not invasive, in North Carolina. The difficulty is finding someone who is familiar with how bad wavyleaf basket grass is, but doing the research in a state where the invasive has not arrived yet. It has covered thousands of acres in Patapsco Valley in Maryland forming a complete mono-culture and is considered our most serious invasive threat. Do you know anyone who may be able to do this critical work. If so, thank you for passing this request on. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological control working Group </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator. <br>(301) 442-5657 cell </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank" title="blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a><br></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<br></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><a href="http://www.pgparks.com/" target="_blank" title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.co"><span style='text-decoration:none'>www.pgparks.com</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>Thanks for your work in removing Oplismenus undulatifolius from Maryland and Virginia. I learned at the Fall conference of the Maryland Native Plant Society on Sept 20, 2014, held in Cecil County that a very large patch was found nearby in Maryland very near Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey. It is estimated that unless we control it ASAP, 10-20% of the natural environment of one forth of the united States may be lost. Two methods can be employed:</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>1. Early Detection and Rapid Response. Many of us are actively removing and facilitating removal at it's source in Patapsco Valley as well as surveying for, and removing it elsewhere in Virginia and Maryland. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'>2. Research into effective, host specific, biological controls for Wavyleaf Basketgrass.</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'> a. Research at it's origin in Eurasia, similar to the ongoing research on Japanese Stiltgrass, Microstegium vimineum. If this stage of research in China reveals insects or pathogens that are evidently appropriate for Japanese Stiltgrass, the next stage of research will be to test them in quarantined conditions for host specificity on native American plants. The same procedures would be done for wavyleaf basketgrass, Oplismenus hirtellus undulatifolius. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'> b. Research into potential native biological controls for Wavyleaf Basketgrass. For example, native biological controls have been found for Tree of Heaven and Multiflora Rose. Unlike Japanese Stiltgrass, which has no other species in the genus Microstegium native to America, there are native species of the genus Oplismenus in America. So a biological control of Asian origin is less likely to be host specific. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:blue'> Thanks for your interest in research of the life cycle of the native Oplismenus in North Carolina, and elsewhere in America. The native insects and pathogens that prevent the native Oplismenus from being invasive could then be potential biological controls for the non-native Oplismenus in Virginia and Maryland. John Peter Thompson suggests that the research on what controls the native Oplismenus be done on the main patches as well as at the edges of the populations to see what keeps the native from spreading. Please share this request with potential researchers at universities, agencies and other sources. One challenge is the NIMBY (not in my back yard) issue since some potential agencies and universities where the native basketgrass occurs are in different States than where we are currently experiencing the invasiveness of the non-native basketgrass and understand the importance of the research. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p></div><br />
<table style="border-top: 1px solid #D3D4DE;">
<tr>
<td style="width: 55px; padding-top: 13px;"><a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient&utm_term=icon" target="_blank"><img src="https://ipmcdn.avast.com/images/icons/icon-envelope-tick-round-orange-animated-no-repeat-v1.gif" width="46" height="29" style="width: 46px; height: 29px;" /></a></td>
<td style="width: 470px; padding-top: 12px; color: #41424e; font-size: 13px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">Virus-free. <a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient&utm_term=link" target="_blank" style="color: #4453ea;">www.avast.com</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table></body></html>