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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:11.0pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;background:white'>Many studies have shown that when deer are present at 20/square mile or less, there is a dramatic reduction in the cases of Lyme disease. </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;background:white'>Here are some parks with this lower deer density of 20/square mile as a result of managed hunts. Can someone find out how much the reduction of deer density has resulted in reduction of Japanese Stilt grass? </span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>One urgent research question is to determine if reduction of deer to the natural level of 20/square mile works as well as deer exclosures in reducing JSG.</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;background:white'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;background:white'>Howard County</span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-indent:.5in;background:white'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://www.howardcountymd.gov/MPEA" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;background:white'>Middle Patuxent Environmental area </span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-indent:.5in;background:white'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://www.howardcountymd.gov/MeadowbrookPark" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;background:white'>Meadowbrook Park</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-indent:.5in;background:white'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://www.howardcountymd.gov/SchooleyMillPark" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;background:white'>Schooley Mill Park</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-indent:.5in;background:white'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://www.howardcountymd.gov/WesternRegionalPark" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;background:white'>Western Regional Park</span><span style='color:windowtext;background:white;text-decoration:none'><br></span></a><a href="https://www.nps.gov/rocr/index.htm" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;background:white'>Rock Creek National Park</span></a><span style='background:white'> in Washington D.C. adjacent to Montgomery County<br></span><a href="https://www.nps.gov/cato/index.htm" target="_blank"><span style='color:windowtext;background:white'>Catoctin Mountain National Park</span></a></span></b><span style='font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black;background:white'> in Frederick County</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:20.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:20.0pt'>Hi Marc - as you probably know, the Woodend Sanctuary of ANS now has a deer fence. I am on a team monitoring the unrestored meadow, which used to be infested with stlltgass. Native forbs and grasses have taken over with very little JSG to be seen. The changes are being documented - in my meadow, the restored meadow, woodlands and stream. Heartening!<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt'>Marney<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Jun 23, 2018, at 10:35 AM, Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>In the 200 acre Swann Park in Charles County, there are 3 places where I have seen a pathogen infestation of Japanese Stilt grass. Only one of these sites has been re infested in subsequent years.<span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Today I transferred some of the site with an August pathogen infestation of Japanese Stilt grass that has been re infested in subsequent years to a bad patch of JSG elsewhere in the park with similar habitat. (from the Mattawoman watershed part of Swann Park to the Pomonkey watershed component of Ruth B. Swann Park). I marked the site and will return to check it out each month.<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Let us discuss other ideas to address control of our most difficult invasive plant to control.<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span></b><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> One urgent research question is to determine if reduction of deer to the natural level of 20/square mile works as well as deer exclosures in reducing JSG. How can we facilitate research into<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><span style='color:#1F497D'>native<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span>host specific biological controls of JSG<span style='color:#1F497D'>.</span></span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-right:.5in'><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> <span style='color:#002060'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, MAIPC Biological control working Group, <span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span><span style='color:#1F497D'>MD Chapter Sierra Club Natural Places Chair. </span></span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#002060'>Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator.<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><br>(301) 442-5657 cell <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank" title="blocked::mailto:ialm@erols.com"><span style='color:#002060'>ialm@erols.com</span></a><br>Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<br><a href="http://www.pgparks.com/" target="_blank" title="blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
blocked::blocked::http://www.pgparks.com/
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blocked::http://www.pgpa"><span style='color:#002060'>www.pgparks.com</span></a> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div style='margin-left:34.9pt'><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br />
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