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    <p><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">Yes, I am really seeing
        Miscanthus sinensis spreading throughout Baltimore County and
        other areas in Maryland. I think that it is further along the
        invasive curve than black fountain grass (</font><font
        face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font face="Helvetica,
          Arial, sans-serif">Cenchrus purpurascens aka Pennisetum
          alopecuroides)</font>, but I am now seeing C. purpurascens
        starting to spread in the wild. I believe that we need to pay
        attention right away to this new invader, its cultivars and
        closely related species, including purple fountain grass
        (Cenchrus setaceus aka Pennisetum setaceum).<br>
        <br>
        Judy</font></p>
    <div class="moz-signature">____________________________________________<br>
      <br>
      Judith P. Fulton<br>
      EcoPlant Consulting: Native and Invasive Plants<br>
      Master Gardener, University of Maryland Extension<br>
      Chair, Maryland Invasive Species Council Subcommittee on Invasives
      Lists<br>
      Board, Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council<br>
      410-337-3701<br>
      <a href="mailto:jfulton5@gmail.com" target="_blank">jfulton5@gmail.com</a><br>
      <br>
    </div>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2/1/2019 1:43 PM, Liz Nalle wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAMX=A4uDsoLG5BMUthOW5c=meaSC8atZ65v3rUsUrQjvqaP==A@mail.gmail.com">
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
      <div>
        <div dir="auto">Miscanthus and Pennisetum are both problems in
          coastal Delaware but I would add that they spread primarily
          from being planted, then the seeds are wind blown. Regarding
          Phrag, some areas here have given up on eradication, and are
          now concentrating on managing it, if that’s even possible. We
          are very prone to flooding, though, so with sea level rise
          which we are living, it will be interesting to see it move as
          it doesn’t tolerate standing water. </div>
      </div>
      <div dir="auto"><br>
      </div>
      <div dir="auto">Excellent point about Baccharis spreading due to
        road salt! I see it in many more places recently. </div>
      <div dir="auto"><br>
      </div>
      <div dir="auto">Liz</div>
      <div><br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">
          <div dir="ltr">On Fri, Feb 1, 2019 at 1:14 PM Judy Fulton <<a
              href="mailto:jfulton5@gmail.com" moz-do-not-send="true">jfulton5@gmail.com</a>>
            wrote:<br>
          </div>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
            .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
            <div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
              <p><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">When people
                  mention groundsel tree, I'm assuming that they are
                  referring to Baccharis halimifolia. This species is a
                  native to the Coastal Plain ecoregions throughout the
                  mid-Atlantic, but it is becoming adventive in the
                  Piedmont and various mountain ecoregions. I agree with
                  Margaret Chatham that a likely reason for this
                  movement is salt tolerance -- I see the plant fairly
                  frequently in the difficult strip next to highways
                  that have been treated with salt. So, I'm not sure
                  that </font><font face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif"><font
                    face="Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">Baccharis
                    halimifolia is going to become a problem.</font><br>
                  <br>
                  Judy</font><br>
              </p>
              <div class="m_2895971027535984572moz-signature">____________________________________________<br>
                <br>
                Judith P. Fulton<br>
                EcoPlant Consulting: Native and Invasive Plants<br>
                Master Gardener, University of Maryland Extension<br>
                Chair, Maryland Invasive Species Council Subcommittee on
                Invasives Lists<br>
                Board, Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council<br>
                410-337-3701<br>
                <a href="mailto:jfulton5@gmail.com" target="_blank"
                  moz-do-not-send="true">jfulton5@gmail.com</a><br>
                <br>
              </div>
            </div>
            <div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
              <div class="m_2895971027535984572moz-cite-prefix">On
                2/1/2019 12:07 PM, MARGARET L CHATHAM wrote:<br>
              </div>
              <blockquote type="cite"> I’d suggest another factor at
                work in the spread of groundsel tree (and Typha
                angustifolia): road salt. As the roadways become
                saltier, they offer better habitat for salt-tolerant
                plants. (And Ii see Miscanthus spread as primarily
                driven by planted seed sources — strictly anecdotal
                comment.)
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Margaret<br>
                  <div><br>
                    <blockquote type="cite">
                      <div>On Feb 1, 2019, at 11:42 AM, Stephen Hiltner
                        <<a href="mailto:stevehiltner@gmail.com"
                          target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">stevehiltner@gmail.com</a>>
                        wrote:</div>
                      <br
                        class="m_2895971027535984572Apple-interchange-newline">
                      <div>
                        <div dir="ltr">I'll chime in with a few
                          observations. The first invasive example of
                          Miscanthus I saw many years back was in a
                          field outside of Newport, Rhode Island during
                          my one and only visit there. In NC at turn of
                          the century it was only invasive on Mount
                          Mitchell and some horticulturist of great
                          stature, perhaps the one who wrote "the book"
                          on shrubs/trees, said in a discussion at NC
                          Bot Gardens that only one variety of
                          Miscanthus was invasive. In recent years I've
                          seen examples of invasion in NJ and PA along
                          freeways.
                          <div><br>
                          </div>
                          <div>Groundsel tree is one to look out for, as
                            it spread from the NC coast up freeways into
                            the piedmont and has become a serious
                            invasive in the Durham, NC area, invading
                            grasslands and lining freeway right of ways.
                            Seen a few incidents in central NJ but not
                            much yet.</div>
                          <div><br>
                          </div>
                          <div>Go to Princeton battlefield, and it's
                            hard to imagine porcelainberry getting any
                            worse--topiary on a massive scale.</div>
                          <div><br>
                          </div>
                          <div>Steve</div>
                          <div><a
                              href="http://princetonnaturenotes.org/"
                              target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">PrincetonNatureNotes.org</a></div>
                        </div>
                        <br>
                        <div class="gmail_quote">
                          <div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Feb
                            1, 2019 at 10:55 AM Liz Nalle <<a
                              href="mailto:liznalle5@gmail.com"
                              target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">liznalle5@gmail.com</a>>
                            wrote:<br>
                          </div>
                          <blockquote class="gmail_quote"
                            style="margin:0px 0px 0px
                            0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                            rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                            <div>Here in southern, coastal Delaware,
                              Phragmites australis and Hydrilla
                              verticillata are big problems. I’m not
                              sure how much climate change has
                              facilitated their spread, but they are
                              from father south in Asia I believe.
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>Liz Nalle</div>
                              <div>Inland Bays Garden Center</div>
                              <div>Frankford DE<br>
                                <div><br>
                                  <blockquote type="cite">
                                    <div>On Jan 31, 2019, at 9:36 PM,
                                      Jil Swearingen <<a
                                        href="mailto:jilswearingen@gmail.com"
                                        target="_blank"
                                        moz-do-not-send="true">jilswearingen@gmail.com</a>>
                                      wrote:</div>
                                    <br
class="m_2895971027535984572gmail-m_-363393513379177317Apple-interchange-newline">
                                    <div>
                                      <div dir="ltr">
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small">All,</div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small"><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small">EDDMapS
                                          might be enlisted here to
                                          help. If one can do a query
                                          over time (e.g., 20-30 years)
                                          of invasive plant species
                                          occurring in the Southeast
                                          states that eventually start
                                          being reported in the
                                          mid-Atlantic in recent years,
                                          that would produce a list to
                                          start working with. Chuck
                                          Bargeron would be the obvious
                                          go-to person to run this
                                          query. I don't know how to do
                                          it with the tools available
                                          for users.</div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small"><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small">Thanks,</div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small"><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small">Jil</div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small"><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small"><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small"><br>
                                        </div>
                                        <div class="gmail_default"
                                          style="font-size:small">.......................</div>
                                        <div>
                                          <div dir="ltr"
                                            class="m_2895971027535984572gmail-m_-363393513379177317gmail_signature">
                                            <div dir="ltr">
                                              <div>
                                                <div dir="ltr">
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div dir="ltr">
                                                      <div dir="ltr">
                                                        <div dir="ltr">
                                                          <div dir="ltr">
                                                          <div dir="ltr">
                                                          <div dir="ltr">
                                                          <div>Jil
                                                          Swearingen</div>
                                                          <div>Invasive
                                                          Species
                                                          Consultant</div>
                                                          <div><i>In the
                                                          Weeds</i></div>
                                                          <div>410-200-7085</div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                        <br>
                                      </div>
                                      <br>
                                      <div class="gmail_quote">
                                        <div dir="ltr"
                                          class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Jan
                                          31, 2019 at 9:22 PM James
                                          Remuzzi <<a
                                            href="mailto:james@sustainablesolutionsllc.net"
                                            target="_blank"
                                            moz-do-not-send="true">james@sustainablesolutionsllc.net</a>>
                                          wrote:<br>
                                        </div>
                                        <blockquote class="gmail_quote"
                                          style="margin:0px 0px 0px
                                          0.8ex;border-left:1px solid
                                          rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                                          <div dir="auto">I would second
                                            the USDA work on CO2 re
                                            vines would add Mile a
                                            Minute to those species
                                            previously mentioned —vines:
                                            both invasive and native,
                                            have exploded in last 20
                                            years and are having a
                                            devastating impact on Native
                                            Forests and Shrublands. 
                                            <div><br>
                                              <div
id="m_2895971027535984572gmail-m_-363393513379177317gmail-m_-500566927301392564AppleMailSignature"
                                                dir="ltr">JRR
                                                <div><br>
                                                </div>
                                                <div>James R. Remuzzi</div>
                                                <div>Sustainable
                                                  Solutions, LLC</div>
                                                <div><a
                                                    href="http://www.sustainablesolutionsllc.net/"
                                                    target="_blank"
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true">www.sustainablesolutionsllc.net</a></div>
                                              </div>
                                              <div dir="ltr"><br>
                                                On Jan 31, 2019, at 4:27
                                                PM, frazmo <<a
                                                  href="mailto:frazmo@gmail.com"
                                                  target="_blank"
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true">frazmo@gmail.com</a>>
                                                wrote:<br>
                                                <br>
                                              </div>
                                              <blockquote type="cite">
                                                <div dir="ltr">
                                                  <div dir="ltr">Lewis
                                                    Ziska with USDA has
                                                    done interesting
                                                    work about the
                                                    worrying effects of
                                                    rising CO2 levels on
                                                    invasive vines (plus
                                                    native Poison ivy).
                                                    My sense is that
                                                    Kudzu is gradually
                                                    becoming worse in
                                                    the northern
                                                    mid-Atlantic as
                                                    things warm. Colder
                                                    temps used to hold
                                                    back Hedera helix in
                                                    our north but that
                                                    obviously is
                                                    changing. I'm sure
                                                    there is a long list
                                                    of southern
                                                    invasives marching
                                                    toward us now...
                                                    Cheers,   Steve
                                                    Young, Arlington VA<br>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <br>
                                                  <div
                                                    class="gmail_quote">
                                                    <div dir="ltr"
                                                      class="gmail_attr">On
                                                      Thu, Jan 31, 2019
                                                      at 10:10 AM Ossi,
                                                      Damien (DOEE) <<a
href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a>>
                                                      wrote:<br>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <blockquote
                                                      class="gmail_quote"
                                                      style="margin:0px
                                                      0px 0px
                                                      0.8ex;border-left:1px
                                                      solid
                                                      rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                                                      <div lang="EN-US">
                                                        <div
class="m_2895971027535984572gmail-m_-363393513379177317gmail-m_-500566927301392564gmail-m_-942661419995186456WordSection1">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Question: 
                                                          What, if any,
                                                          invasive plant
                                                          species appear
                                                          to be
                                                          spreading into
                                                          the
                                                          mid-Atlantic
                                                          due to climate
                                                          change?  I
                                                          know there’s
                                                          been talk of
                                                          southern
                                                          magnolia and
                                                          other species
                                                          that are
                                                          native to just
                                                          south of here
                                                          starting to
                                                          naturalize in
                                                          our area, but
                                                          I’m more
                                                          interested
                                                          exotic
                                                          invasives.  </p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">What
                                                          invasive
                                                          plants are
                                                          common in
                                                          southern
                                                          Virginia or
                                                          northern North
                                                          Carolina that
                                                          we just don’t
                                                          have in our
                                                          area, but
                                                          could move
                                                          here with
                                                          warmer
                                                          climates?</p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Thanks,</p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal">Damien</p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10pt">Damien P. Ossi</span></b></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Wildlife Biologist</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Fisheries and Wildlife Division</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Department of Energy & Environment</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Government of the District of Columbia</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">1200 First Street NE, 5th Floor</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Washington, DC 20002</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Desk: (202) 741-0840</span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Web: <a href="http://www.doee.dc.gov/"
                                                          target="_blank"
moz-do-not-send="true"> <span style="color:blue">doee.dc.gov</span></a></span></p>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
_______________________________________________<br>
                                                      MAIPC mailing list<br>
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                                                        href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org"
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                                                        target="_blank"
moz-do-not-send="true">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a><br>
                                                    </blockquote>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                              <blockquote type="cite">
                                                <div dir="ltr"><span>_______________________________________________</span><br>
                                                  <span>MAIPC mailing
                                                    list</span><br>
                                                  <span><a
                                                      href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a></span><br>
                                                  <span><a
                                                      href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org"
                                                      target="_blank"
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a></span><br>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
_______________________________________________<br>
                                          MAIPC mailing list<br>
                                          <a
                                            href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org"
                                            target="_blank"
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_______________________________________________<br>
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                        _______________________________________________<br>
                        MAIPC mailing list<br>
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                          target="_blank" moz-do-not-send="true">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a><br>
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                  class="m_2895971027535984572mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
                <pre class="m_2895971027535984572moz-quote-pre">_______________________________________________
MAIPC mailing list
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</pre>
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      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
MAIPC mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a>
</pre>
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