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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:.5in'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'>Marc,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'>Sounds like all of these should be banned in each of our states.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>We have a long way to go here in Virginia, but we are chipping away at the problem.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>For example, <span class=SpellE>Hydrilla</span> is now working its way through our process to become an official noxious weed.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>But it seems to me there are probably good opportunities for collaboration and sharing of information.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>For each plant we nominate to be a noxious weed, there is a significant amount of work to be done to compile and present the available research to show that it is a problem and worthy of being added to the noxious weeds list.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>I wouldn’t be surprised if much of that work has been done by others either in nearby states or at the Federal level.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Sharing that work might save some of us a lot of effort.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'>An even better answer would be if the Feds would ban these plants either nationwide or in plant-specific designated regions.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Is there any prospect of anything like that happening?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'>Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'>Rod<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D;mso-no-proof:yes'>Rod Walker<br><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-style:italic;mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Blue Ridge PRISM – A Cooperative Weed Management Area for Virginia<br></span></i>3200 Middle Mountain Road<br>Crozet, Virginia 22932<br>Blueridgeprism.org<br>434 823-2742<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> Marc Imlay [mailto:ialm@erols.com] <br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Saturday, February 02, 2019 8:25 AM<br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> maipc@lists.maipc.org; 'Reardon, Richard C -FS'; rodswalker@gmail.com; INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU<br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> FW: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=5 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Phragmites, Miscanthus, Hydrilla verticillate, </span></font></b><b><font size=4 color="#26282a" face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A;font-weight:bold'>black fountain grass (Cenchrus purpurascens aka Pennisetum alopecuroides), purple fountain grass (Cenchrus setaceus aka Pennisetum setaceum), </span></font></b><b><font size=5><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Boston ivy</span></font></b><font size=5><span style='font-size:16.0pt'>,</span></font> <b><font size=4 color="#26282a" face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A;font-weight:bold'>and Nandina and other new invasives due to climate change deserve biological control updates. <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=4 color="#26282a" face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A;font-weight:bold'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=4 color="#26282a" face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A;font-weight:bold'>Dick and Rod, any advice would be welcome.<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#26282a" face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><font size=5 color=blue face=Arial><span lang=EN style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:blue;mso-ansi-language:EN;font-weight:bold'>Marc Imlay, PhD </span></font></b><font color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><font size=5 color=blue face=Arial><span lang=EN style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:blue;mso-ansi-language:EN;font-weight:bold'>Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator. <br>(301) 442-5657 cell <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com"><font color="#0563c1"><span style='color:#0563C1'>ialm@erols.com</span></font></a><br>Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission</span></font></b><font color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#26282a" face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A'><br></span></font>On Jan 31, 2019, at 3:42 PM, Ossi, Damien (DOEE) <<a href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Thanks, everyone. I had not thought of Miscanthus or fountaingrass. And I agree that it’s difficult to tease out the differing impacts that climate and planting/seed pressure have on invasives that are showing up in natural areas. I can’t even begin to think of how to set up a study that could tease those out. </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Damien</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><span class=apple-converted-space><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> </span></font></span><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>MAIPC [<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</span></font></a>]<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span></b><a href="mailto:phytodoer@aol.com"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>phytodoer@aol.com</span></font></a><br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Thursday, January 31, 2019 2:06 PM<br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a href="mailto:kirsten2622@comcast.net"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>kirsten2622@comcast.net</span></font></a>;<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a href="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org</span></font></a><br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>maipc@lists.maipc.org</span></font></a><br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt;background:#FFEB9C'><b><font size=2 color="#9c6500" face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#9C6500;font-weight:bold'>CAUTION:</span></font></b><span class=apple-converted-space><font size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span></font></span><font size=2><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>This email originated from outside of the DC Government. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know that the content is safe. If you believe that this email is suspicious, please forward to<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a href="mailto:phishing@dc.gov"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>phishing@dc.gov</span></font></a><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>for additional analysis by OCTO Security Operations Center (SOC).</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>to add to the complication - how to differentiate climate-related factors from simple proliferation of human-planted source sites? If fashion promotes planting of a species either in new home developments or in greater quantities than before, propagule pressure will increase. The planting decisions might be guided to some extent by climatic factors, but they might simply reflect fads and marketing.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Faith</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>In a message dated 1/31/2019 1:58:29 PM Eastern Standard Time,<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><a href="mailto:kirsten2622@comcast.net"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>kirsten2622@comcast.net</span></font></a><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>writes:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Miscanthus is a huge problem in the rare serpentine area of Lake Roland in Baltimore County. It has spread into the park and all up and down Falls Road from one business that planted it out front. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Kirsten Johnson<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>On Jan 31, 2019, at 1:54 PM, Servis, Robert <<a href="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org" target="_blank"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org</span></font></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I agree,<span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span><span class=yiv4497285888><span style='background:yellow'>Miscanthus</span></span><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span>has really taken off in the Mid-Atlantic area in the last few years I feel. I’m seeing it more and more in “natural areas”(where it has obviously escaped the landscape beds), at least here in Montgomery Co., Md.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Another one that comes to mind is<span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span><span class=yiv4497285888><span style='background:yellow'>Black Fountain</span></span><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span>Grass (and/or other species of commonly landscaped “fountain grasses”). I have started seeing this MUCH more in natural areas just in the past 3-5yrs than I had ever noticed before. It is spreading even into maintained lawn grasses. (I have a small patch In the corner of my yard that has come around the corner of my fence from the neighbors landscaped flowerbed<span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span></span></font><span class=yiv4497285888><font face="Segoe UI Emoji"><span style='font-family:"Segoe UI Emoji","sans-serif"'>☹</span></font></span>…trying to now come up with a good control for it without killing the rest of my lawn grass, or having to dig it all up by hand and have holes in the yard.<font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>*not sure if the spread of these is somewhat due to warming climates or what the true factors involved here are, but It seems that warming climates would only help the spread of these species if anything.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I know the seeds are transported sometimes by vehicle tires, lawn mowers, in-proper disposal of yard/landscape clippings, etc.., in addition to being wind dispersed. I am seeing it a lot on open, abundantly sunny wood edges, mowed paths, and even now into the shady understory of mature forested areas.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Hopefully this is helpful, but I’ll try to keep thinking of others.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><strong><b><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>From:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span>MAIPC <<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</span></font></a>><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>On Behalf Of</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space><b><span style='font-weight:bold'> </span></b></span>Mark Frey<br><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Sent:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span>Thursday, January 31, 2019 1:34 PM<br><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>To:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span>MAIPC Listserve <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>maipc@lists.maipc.org</span></font></a>><br><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Subject:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888apple-converted-space> </span>Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I agree about Boston ivy but the species that seem(s) to really exemplify the potential is Miscanthus spp. A huge problem in the south and becoming more so here.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Thu, Jan 31, 2019 at 11:11 AM MARGARET L CHATHAM <<a href="mailto:margaret.chatham@verizon.net" target="_blank"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>margaret.chatham@verizon.net</span></font></a>> wrote:</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I agree that oriental bittersweet is a growing problem, but not that it’s an example of an exotic pest moving south-to-north. My first introduction to the idea of invasive exotic plants was fighting oriental bittersweet in Connecticut, 1978-81. At the time, I didn’t know of anyone else fighting the problem, but I called it a “take-over-the-world” plant & honed my recognition of it in its earliest, most easily pullable stages.</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Margaret Chatham</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Jan 31, 2019, at 10:53 AM, Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>ialm@erols.com</span></font></a>> wrote:</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><span class=yiv4497285888><font size=4 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>In Maryland Oriental Bittersweet has become about 10 times more difficult to control in the last decade bas discussed at a MISAC meeting by many folks in the meeting.</span></font></span><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><strong><b><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>From:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space> </span>MAIPC <<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank"><span class=yiv4497285888><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</span></font></span></a>><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space> </span><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>On Behalf Of</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space><b><span style='font-weight:bold'> </span></b></span>Melissa Bravo<br><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Sent:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space> </span>Thursday, January 31, 2019 10:48 AM<br><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>To:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space> </span>MAIPC Listserve (<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank"><span class=yiv4497285888><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>maipc@lists.maipc.org</span></font></span></a>) <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank"><span class=yiv4497285888><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>maipc@lists.maipc.org</span></font></span></a>>; Ossi, Damien (DOEE) <<a href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" target="_blank"><span class=yiv4497285888><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>damien.ossi@dc.gov</span></font></span></a>><br><strong><b><font face=Calibri><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Subject:</span></font></b></strong><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space> </span>Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><span class=yiv4497285888><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The Invasive Plants guide sold by StackPole is sorted climatically and I have found it a good indicator of what can transition with a few degrees of minimum maximum temperatures. But it will take longer for them to acclimate their reproductive day length cycles to be fertile seed distributors.</span></font></span><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><span class=yiv4497285888><font size=4 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>Melissa A. Bravo, M.S. CCA, Agronomist</span></font></span><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><span class=yiv4497285888><font size=4 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:13.5pt'>Meadow Lake Farm Consulting Services 814-574-4067 /</span></font></span><span class=yiv4497285888gmail-m3563275228062924958apple-converted-space><font size=4><span style='font-size:13.5pt'> </span></font></span><span class=yiv4497285888><font size=4><span style='font-size:13.5pt'><a href="mailto:bravomelissa@yahoo.com" target="_blank"><font color=purple><span style='color:purple'>bravomelissa@yahoo.com</span></font></a></span></font></span><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=yiv4497285888msonormal style='margin-bottom:13.5pt'><span class=yiv4497285888><font size=4 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:13.5pt'> </span></font></span><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> </span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=5 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b> MAIPC <maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org> <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Ivmpartners2<br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, February 01, 2019 10:28 PM<br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Liz Nalle <liznalle5@gmail.com><br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b> maipc@lists.maipc.org<br><b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Phragmites spreads primarily from disturbance, as roadside mowing promotes new rooting from every leaf node. It is best controlled with an herbicide treatment of a combination of glyphosate and imazapyr, followed by fire during the winter to remove the thatch layer. Then a touch up herbicide treatment the following year. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div id=AppleMailSignature><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Rick Johnstone <o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><br>On Feb 1, 2019, at 1:43 PM, Liz Nalle <<a href="mailto:liznalle5@gmail.com">liznalle5@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Miscanthus and Pennisetum are both problems in coastal Delaware but I would add that they spread primarily from being planted, then the seeds are wind blown. Regarding Phrag, some areas here have given up on eradication, and are now concentrating on managing it, if that’s even possible. We are very prone to flooding, though, so with sea level rise which we are living, it will be interesting to see it move as it doesn’t tolerate standing water. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Excellent point about Baccharis spreading due to road salt! I see it in many more places recently. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Liz<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Fri, Feb 1, 2019 at 1:14 PM Judy Fulton <<a href="mailto:jfulton5@gmail.com">jfulton5@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p><font size=3 face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'>When people mention groundsel tree, I'm assuming that they are referring to Baccharis halimifolia. This species is a native to the Coastal Plain ecoregions throughout the mid-Atlantic, but it is becoming adventive in the Piedmont and various mountain ecoregions. I agree with Margaret Chatham that a likely reason for this movement is salt tolerance -- I see the plant fairly frequently in the difficult strip next to highways that have been treated with salt. So, I'm not sure that Baccharis halimifolia is going to become a problem.<br><br>Judy</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>____________________________________________<br><br>Judith P. Fulton<br>EcoPlant Consulting: Native and Invasive Plants<br>Master Gardener, University of Maryland Extension<br>Chair, Maryland Invasive Species Council Subcommittee on Invasives Lists<br>Board, Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council<br>410-337-3701<br><a href="mailto:jfulton5@gmail.com" target="_blank">jfulton5@gmail.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On 2/1/2019 12:07 PM, MARGARET L CHATHAM wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I’d suggest another factor at work in the spread of groundsel tree (and Typha angustifolia): road salt. As the roadways become saltier, they offer better habitat for salt-tolerant plants. (And Ii see Miscanthus spread as primarily driven by planted seed sources — strictly anecdotal comment.) <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Margaret<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Feb 1, 2019, at 11:42 AM, Stephen Hiltner <<a href="mailto:stevehiltner@gmail.com" target="_blank">stevehiltner@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I'll chime in with a few observations. The first invasive example of Miscanthus I saw many years back was in a field outside of Newport, Rhode Island during my one and only visit there. In NC at turn of the century it was only invasive on Mount Mitchell and some horticulturist of great stature, perhaps the one who wrote "the book" on shrubs/trees, said in a discussion at NC Bot Gardens that only one variety of Miscanthus was invasive. In recent years I've seen examples of invasion in NJ and PA along freeways. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Groundsel tree is one to look out for, as it spread from the NC coast up freeways into the piedmont and has become a serious invasive in the Durham, NC area, invading grasslands and lining freeway right of ways. Seen a few incidents in central NJ but not much yet.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Go to Princeton battlefield, and it's hard to imagine porcelainberry getting any worse--topiary on a massive scale.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Steve<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><a href="http://princetonnaturenotes.org/" target="_blank">PrincetonNatureNotes.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Fri, Feb 1, 2019 at 10:55 AM Liz Nalle <<a href="mailto:liznalle5@gmail.com" target="_blank">liznalle5@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Here in southern, coastal Delaware, Phragmites australis and Hydrilla verticillata are big problems. I’m not sure how much climate change has facilitated their spread, but they are from father south in Asia I believe. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Liz Nalle<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Inland Bays Garden Center<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Frankford DE<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Jan 31, 2019, at 9:36 PM, Jil Swearingen <<a href="mailto:jilswearingen@gmail.com" target="_blank">jilswearingen@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>All,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>EDDMapS might be enlisted here to help. If one can do a query over time (e.g., 20-30 years) of invasive plant species occurring in the Southeast states that eventually start being reported in the mid-Atlantic in recent years, that would produce a list to start working with. Chuck Bargeron would be the obvious go-to person to run this query. I don't know how to do it with the tools available for users.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Jil<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>.......................<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Jil Swearingen<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Invasive Species Consultant<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><i><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-style:italic'>In the Weeds</span></font></i><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>410-200-7085<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Thu, Jan 31, 2019 at 9:22 PM James Remuzzi <<a href="mailto:james@sustainablesolutionsllc.net" target="_blank">james@sustainablesolutionsllc.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I would second the USDA work on CO2 re vines would add Mile a Minute to those species previously mentioned —vines: both invasive and native, have exploded in last 20 years and are having a devastating impact on Native Forests and Shrublands. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div id="m_2895971027535984572gmail-m_-363393513379177317gmail-m_-500566927301392564AppleMailSignature"><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>JRR <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>James R. Remuzzi<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Sustainable Solutions, LLC<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><a href="http://www.sustainablesolutionsllc.net/" target="_blank">www.sustainablesolutionsllc.net</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><br>On Jan 31, 2019, at 4:27 PM, frazmo <<a href="mailto:frazmo@gmail.com" target="_blank">frazmo@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Lewis Ziska with USDA has done interesting work about the worrying effects of rising CO2 levels on invasive vines (plus native Poison ivy). My sense is that Kudzu is gradually becoming worse in the northern mid-Atlantic as things warm. Colder temps used to hold back Hedera helix in our north but that obviously is changing. I'm sure there is a long list of southern invasives marching toward us now... Cheers, Steve Young, Arlington VA<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>On Thu, Jan 31, 2019 at 10:10 AM Ossi, Damien (DOEE) <<a href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" target="_blank">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Question: What, if any, invasive plant species appear to be spreading into the mid-Atlantic due to climate change? I know there’s been talk of southern magnolia and other species that are native to just south of here starting to naturalize in our area, but I’m more interested exotic invasives. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>What invasive plants are common in southern Virginia or northern North Carolina that we just don’t have in our area, but could move here with warmer climates?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>Damien<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Damien P. Ossi</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Wildlife Biologist</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Fisheries and Wildlife Division</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Department of Energy & Environment</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Government of the District of Columbia</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1200 First Street NE, 5th Floor</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Washington, DC 20002</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Desk: (202) 741-0840</span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Web: <a href="http://www.doee.dc.gov/" target="_blank">doee.dc.gov</a></span></font><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:2.5in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:226.2pt'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></blockquote></div></div></div></blockquote><div id=DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=0 style='mso-cellspacing:1.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid #D3D4DE 1.0pt;mso-border-top-alt:solid #D3D4DE .75pt;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184'><tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'><td width=69 style='width:41.25pt;border:none;padding:9.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient&utm_term=icon" target="_blank"><span style='border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><img border=0 width=46 height=29 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D4BBAA.23221E60" alt="Image removed by sender."></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p></td><td width=588 style='width:352.5pt;border:none;padding:9.0pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:13.5pt'><font size=2 color="#41424e" face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#41424E'>Virus-free. <a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient&utm_term=link" target="_blank"><font color="#4453ea"><span style='color:#4453EA'>www.avast.com</span></font></a> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p></div></div></body></html>