<font color='black' size='4' face='Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif'>Hi, I just read Damien's post on plants moving from warmer climates - there are a few of them that were not considered to be native to the geographical Coastal Plain area here in Virginia Beach, Eastern Shore up through Maryland, Norfolk, Hampton, etc. The two that are making their way here that one does not expect to find are Mountain Laurel <br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><table class="infobox biota" style="font-size: 14px; border: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); border-spacing: 3px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250); margin: 0.5em 0px 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; line-height: 1.5em; font-family: sans-serif; width: 200px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180, 250, 180);"><i>Kalmia latifolia</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg" class="image" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><img alt="Kalmia Latifolia.jpg" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg/220px-Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg/330px-Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg/440px-Kalmia_Latifolia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font-size: 12.32px;"><i>Kalmia latifolia</i> flowers</td></tr><tr style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180, 250, 180);"><th colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">
<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Conservation status</a></div>
</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top;">
<div style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/220px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/330px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Status_TNC_G5.svg/440px-Status_TNC_G5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="64" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"><br>
Secure<small style="font-size: 11.9px;"> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NatureServe_conservation_status" title="NatureServe conservation status" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">NatureServe</a>)</small></div>
</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; min-width: 15em; background-color: rgb(180, 250, 180);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Scientific classification</a><span class="plainlinks" style="font-size: smaller; float: right; padding-right: 0.4em; margin-left: -3em;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Kalmia" title="edit" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><img alt="edit" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Red_Pencil_Icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"></a></span></th></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kingdom:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant" title="Plant" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Plantae</a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>Clade</i>:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Angiosperms</a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>Clade</i>:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Eudicots</a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>Clade</i>:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterids" title="Asterids" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Asterids</a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Order:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ericales" title="Ericales" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ericales</a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Family:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ericaceae" title="Ericaceae" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Ericaceae</a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Genus:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmia" title="Kalmia" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><i>Kalmia</i></a></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Species:</td><td style="vertical-align: top;">
<div class="species" style="display: inline;"><i><b>K. latifolia</b></i></div>
</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180, 250, 180);"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">Binomial name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span><i>Kalmia latifolia</i></b><br>
<div style="font-size: 11.9px;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;">L.</a></div>
</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kalmia_latifolia_map.png" class="image" style="color: rgb(11, 0, 128); background: none;"><img alt="Kalmia latifolia map.png" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Kalmia_latifolia_map.png/220px-Kalmia_latifolia_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Kalmia_latifolia_map.png/330px-Kalmia_latifolia_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Kalmia_latifolia_map.png/440px-Kalmia_latifolia_map.png 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="570" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;"></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<div style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; line-height: inherit; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-size: 14px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><i><b>Kalmia latifolia</b></i>,</span> and Stokesia. While mountain laurel may be an acidic loving plant - the soil here is very acidic - it is unusual that it is taking a position in non-rocky and non-mountainous areas here and growing wild. The last updated Tidewater plant book from 1980 does not list it as belonging to this area. The other plant that has popped up unexpectedly is the Stokesia and since it likes well drained soil it does not make much sense that it would be showing up here but it has and does - it also is not listed in the most recent books since 1980 on Tidewater native and Coastal plants. There is a push to sell Stokesia in the garden websites but that would not show why it would show up in what is nearly a wetlands garden. The Tidewater area right now is flooded. As for Non-natives - Chinese Privet - <em style="color: black; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 18px;">Ligustrum</em><span style="color: black; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 18px;"> </span><em style="color: black; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 18px;">sinense </em>is literally taking over every site that it can get its rhizomes on. It is showing up in local parks, in open areas and is spreading like mad colonists. The colonies that are forming are less than a foot apart - the rhizomes are that thick. The non-native Galiums are also compounding the problem here in the Coastal Plain. The Odoratum and the Bedstraw both from Northern Africa and Europe have no biological controls. They are crowding out the Common and Native Violets that need to get their roots into the ground in order to feed local Native populations of <b style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(102, 0, 153); text-decoration-line: underline;"><i style=""><a id="fprsl" class="gL9Hy" href="https://www.google.com/search?client=opera&hs=8pO&q=fritillary&spell=1&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiwh-mtpdXgAhUnwVkKHVYQCEUQkeECCCsoAA" data-ved="0ahUKEwiwh-mtpdXgAhUnwVkKHVYQCEUQkeECCCsoAA" style="font-family: Roboto, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(102, 0, 153); text-decoration-line: underline;">fritillary</a> </i></b></div>
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<div dir="ltr"> 1. Re: Invasive plants and climate change (Ossi, Damien (DOEE))<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Message: 1<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Date: Thu, 31 Jan 2019 20:42:14 +0000<br>
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<div dir="ltr">From: "Ossi, Damien (DOEE)" <<a ymailto="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">To: "<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>" <<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Message-ID:<br>
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<div dir="ltr"> <<a ymailto="mailto:BN6PR09MB1330E0B53077F0828CBB82C38F910@BN6PR09MB1330.namprd09.prod.outlook.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:BN6PR09MB1330E0B53077F0828CBB82C38F910@BN6PR09MB1330.namprd09.prod.outlook.com">BN6PR09MB1330E0B53077F0828CBB82C38F910@BN6PR09MB1330.namprd09.prod.outlook.com</a>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Thanks, everyone. I had not thought of Miscanthus or fountaingrass. And I agree that it?s difficult to tease out the differing impacts that climate and planting/seed pressure have on invasives that are showing up in natural areas. I can?t even begin to think of how to set up a study that could tease those out.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Damien<br>
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<div dir="ltr">From: MAIPC [mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>] On Behalf Of <a ymailto="mailto:phytodoer@aol.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:phytodoer@aol.com">phytodoer@aol.com</a><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Sent: Thursday, January 31, 2019 2:06 PM<br>
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<div dir="ltr">To: <a ymailto="mailto:kirsten2622@comcast.net" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:kirsten2622@comcast.net">kirsten2622@comcast.net</a>; <a ymailto="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org">Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org</a><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Cc: <a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<br>
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<div dir="ltr">CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the DC Government. Do not click on links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know that the content is safe. If you believe that this email is suspicious, please forward to <a ymailto="mailto:phishing@dc.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:phishing@dc.gov">phishing@dc.gov</a> for additional analysis by OCTO Security Operations Center (SOC).<br>
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<div dir="ltr">to add to the complication - how to differentiate climate-related factors from simple proliferation of human-planted source sites? If fashion promotes planting of a species either in new home developments or in greater quantities than before, propagule pressure will increase. The planting decisions might be guided to some extent by climatic factors, but they might simply reflect fads and marketing.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Faith<br>
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<div dir="ltr">In a message dated 1/31/2019 1:58:29 PM Eastern Standard Time, <a ymailto="mailto:kirsten2622@comcast.net" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:kirsten2622@comcast.net">kirsten2622@comcast.net</a> writes:<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Miscanthus is a huge problem in the rare serpentine area of Lake Roland in Baltimore County. It has spread into the park and all up and down Falls Road from one business that planted it out front.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Kirsten Johnson<br>
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<div dir="ltr">On Jan 31, 2019, at 1:54 PM, Servis, Robert <<a ymailto="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org">Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org">Robert.Servis@montgomeryparks.org</a>>> wrote:<br>
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<div dir="ltr">I agree, Miscanthus has really taken off in the Mid-Atlantic area in the last few years I feel. I?m seeing it more and more in ?natural areas?(where it has obviously escaped the landscape beds), at least here in Montgomery Co., Md.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Another one that comes to mind is Black Fountain Grass (and/or other species of commonly landscaped ?fountain grasses?). I have started seeing this MUCH more in natural areas just in the past 3-5yrs than I had ever noticed before. It is spreading even into maintained lawn grasses. (I have a small patch In the corner of my yard that has come around the corner of my fence from the neighbors landscaped flowerbed ??trying to now come up with a good control for it without killing the rest of my lawn grass, or having to dig it all up by hand and have holes in the yard.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">*not sure if the spread of these is somewhat due to warming climates or what the true factors involved here are, but It seems that warming climates would only help the spread of these species if anything.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">I know the seeds are transported sometimes by vehicle tires, lawn mowers, in-proper disposal of yard/landscape clippings, etc.., in addition to being wind dispersed. I am seeing it a lot on open, abundantly sunny wood edges, mowed paths, and even now into the shady understory of mature forested areas.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Hopefully this is helpful, but I?ll try to keep thinking of others.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">From: MAIPC <<a ymailto="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>>> On Behalf Of Mark Frey<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Sent: Thursday, January 31, 2019 1:34 PM<br>
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<div dir="ltr">To: MAIPC Listserve <<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<br>
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<div dir="ltr">I agree about Boston ivy but the species that seem(s) to really exemplify the potential is Miscanthus spp. A huge problem in the south and becoming more so here.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">On Thu, Jan 31, 2019 at 11:11 AM MARGARET L CHATHAM <<a ymailto="mailto:margaret.chatham@verizon.net" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:margaret.chatham@verizon.net">margaret.chatham@verizon.net</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:margaret.chatham@verizon.net" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:margaret.chatham@verizon.net">margaret.chatham@verizon.net</a>>> wrote:<br>
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<div dir="ltr">I agree that oriental bittersweet is a growing problem, but not that it?s an example of an exotic pest moving south-to-north. My first introduction to the idea of invasive exotic plants was fighting oriental bittersweet in Connecticut, 1978-81. At the time, I didn?t know of anyone else fighting the problem, but I called it a ?take-over-the-world? plant & honed my recognition of it in its earliest, most easily pullable stages.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Margaret Chatham<br>
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<div dir="ltr">On Jan 31, 2019, at 10:53 AM, Marc Imlay <<a ymailto="mailto:ialm@erols.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:ialm@erols.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>>> wrote:<br>
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<div dir="ltr">In Maryland Oriental Bittersweet has become about 10 times more difficult to control in the last decade bas discussed at a MISAC meeting by many folks in the meeting.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Marc Imlay, PhD<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control coordinator.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">(301) 442-5657 cell <a ymailto="mailto:ialm@erols.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:ialm@erols.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Natural and Historical Resources Division<br>
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<div dir="ltr">The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission<br>
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<div dir="ltr">From: MAIPC <<a ymailto="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>>> On Behalf Of Melissa Bravo<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Sent: Thursday, January 31, 2019 10:48 AM<br>
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<div dir="ltr">To: MAIPC Listserve (<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>>) <<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>>>; Ossi, Damien (DOEE) <<a ymailto="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a>>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Invasive plants and climate change<br>
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<div dir="ltr">The Invasive Plants guide sold by StackPole is sorted climatically and I have found it a good indicator of what can transition with a few degrees of minimum maximum temperatures. But it will take longer for them to acclimate their reproductive day length cycles to be fertile seed distributors.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Melissa A. Bravo, M.S. CCA, Agronomist<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Meadow Lake Farm Consulting Services 814-574-4067 / <a ymailto="mailto:bravomelissa@yahoo.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:bravomelissa@yahoo.com">bravomelissa@yahoo.com</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:bravomelissa@yahoo.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:bravomelissa@yahoo.com">bravomelissa@yahoo.com</a>><br>
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<div dir="ltr">On Thursday, January 31, 2019, 10:10:44 AM EST, Ossi, Damien (DOEE) <<a ymailto="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a><mailto:<a ymailto="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="mailto:damien.ossi@dc.gov">damien.ossi@dc.gov</a>>> wrote:<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Question: What, if any, invasive plant species appear to be spreading into the mid-Atlantic due to climate change? I know there?s been talk of southern magnolia and other species that are native to just south of here starting to naturalize in our area, but I?m more interested exotic invasives.<br>
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<div dir="ltr">What invasive plants are common in southern Virginia or northern North Carolina that we just don?t have in our area, but could move here with warmer climates?<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Thanks,<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Damien<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Damien P. Ossi<br>
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<div dir="ltr">End of MAIPC Digest, Vol 87, Issue 24<br>
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