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<div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Search form synergies going on between multiple organisms. Multiflora rose has at least a three organism synergy and <i>Ailanthus </i>has at least a four organism system destroying it. (Also, <i>Atteva aurea</i>, the <i>Ailanthus </i>web worm, wanders far from its origin.) I gave up looking for "magic bullets" (single organisms) and now look for "magic systems" (groups of organisms who each have a part in controlling a non-native). It is much harder process to understand but I see it continually when I walk.</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Ultimately the best place to search for these organisms is in your back yard and close to home because that is the area you know best and will be able to tell when there are changes. Most of what I have learned is within 20 minutes of me, including overhanging our back porch.</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Good science can be done in our back yards and does not require expensive trips to exotic locations.</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"> Richard Gardner</div><div><br></div>
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On Tuesday, July 2, 2019, 02:22:13 PM EDT, Imlay, Marc <Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com> wrote:
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<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Surveying for native biological controls has two approaches that have worked very well.</span></b></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoListParagraph"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"><span>1.<span style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: New;">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Search at the far end of the range of the invasive plant species. The native insect/fungus bio controls for Multiflora Rose and Tree of Heaven popped up when MFR moved to the middle of the
America and Ailanthus to the deep south central. </span></b></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoListParagraph"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"><span>2.<span style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: New;">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Search near where the invasive first came to America so there has been more time for a biocontrol to evolve as may be the case for Japanese honeysuckle at Heritage Island which was brought
over by Thomas Jefferson.</span></b></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">For Porcelain berry, for example, look at
<a href="https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AMBR7" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AMBR7</a> Note the 17 states it is invasive in. So let us se if an insect of pathogen is having a major impact on it in the extreme of the range. If so
we can report it to Matt Tancos at USDA for research. Let us do the same for ground ivy, beefsteak plant, Fig buttercup, JSG, WLBG, Oriental bittersweet, garlic mustard, etc., etc.</span></b></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"> </span></b></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Marc</span></b></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological Control Working Group MAIPC</span></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Conservation Biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control Coordinator.
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<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Cell: (301) 442-5657, <a>
ialm@erols.com</a></span></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Natural and Historical Resources Division</span></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission</span></p>
<p class="ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"><a>www.pgparks.com</a></span></p>
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