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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>I fully agree that we should all look in our back yards, especially those of us that live where the invasive plant was first introduced and those of us near the most distantly impacted locations. Marc<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>On Jul 2, 2019, at 6:11 PM, Richard Gardner <<a href="mailto:000000e8af59cbe2-dmarc-request@listserv.umd.edu">000000e8af59cbe2-dmarc-request@listserv.umd.edu</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Search form synergies going on between multiple organisms. Multiflora rose has at least a three organism synergy and <i>Ailanthus </i>has at least a four organism system destroying it. (Also, <i>Atteva aurea</i>, the <i>Ailanthus </i>web worm, wanders far from its origin.) I gave up looking for "magic bullets" (single organisms) and now look for "magic systems" (groups of organisms who each have a part in controlling a non-native). It is much harder process to understand but I see it continually when I walk.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Ultimately the best place to search for these organisms is in your back yard and close to home because that is the area you know best and will be able to tell when there are changes. Most of what I have learned is within 20 minutes of me, including overhanging our back porch.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Good science can be done in our back yards and does not require expensive trips to exotic locations.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> Richard Gardner<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></div><div id="ydpc25ab5e5yahoo_quoted_3017357963"><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>On Tuesday, July 2, 2019, 02:22:13 PM EDT, Imlay, Marc <<a href="mailto:Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com">Marc.Imlay@pgparks.com</a>> wrote: <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><div id=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285><div><div><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Surveying for native biological controls has two approaches that have worked very well.</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msolistparagraph><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>1.</span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"New",serif;color:#26282A'> </span><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Search at the far end of the range of the invasive plant species. The native insect/fungus bio controls for Multiflora Rose and Tree of Heaven popped up when MFR moved to the middle of the America and Ailanthus to the deep south central. </span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msolistparagraph><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>2.</span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"New",serif;color:#26282A'> </span><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Search near where the invasive first came to America so there has been more time for a biocontrol to evolve as may be the case for Japanese honeysuckle at Heritage Island which was brought over by Thomas Jefferson.</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>For Porcelain berry, for example, look at <a href="https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AMBR7" target="_blank">https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AMBR7</a> Note the 17 states it is invasive in. So let us se if an insect of pathogen is having a major impact on it in the extreme of the range. If so we can report it to Matt Tancos at USDA for research. Let us do the same for ground ivy, beefsteak plant, Fig buttercup, JSG, WLBG, Oriental bittersweet, garlic mustard, etc., etc.</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'> </span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Marc</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological Control Working Group MAIPC</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Conservation Biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant Control Coordinator. </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Cell: (301) 442-5657, <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>Natural and Historical Resources Division</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><a href="http://www.pgparks.com">www.pgparks.com</a></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=ydpc25ab5e5yiv9568661285msonormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#26282A'>_______________________________________________<br>MAIPC mailing list<br><a href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a><br><a href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org" target="_blank">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal>You received this email because you are subscribed to the Maryland Invasive Species Council (INVASIVES) mailing list. If you would like to unsubscribe from this list, simply send an email to <a href="mailto:listserv@listserv.umd.edu">listserv@listserv.umd.edu</a> with the message signoff INVASIVES in the body.<o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal>You received this email because you are subscribed to the Maryland Invasive Species Council (INVASIVES) mailing list. If you would like to unsubscribe from this list, simply send an email to <a href="mailto:listserv@listserv.umd.edu">listserv@listserv.umd.edu</a> with the message signoff INVASIVES in the body. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br />
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