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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>Non-Native Japanese Stiltgrass in Catoctin Mountain Park</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>June 26, 2019</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>Japanese Stiltgrass is a non-native plant that poses a serious threat to the natural environment of Catoctin Mountain Park. It is native in East Asia and was first introduced in 1909. It was mainly used as “a packing material for Asian Porcelain.” (NPS, 2015) The grass grows up to 3 feet high and can suffocate out many native species.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>A main cause for the spread of Stiltgrass is the overpopulation of deer in the Catoctin region. Deer populations have been increasing because there is a lack of predators, and an abundance of food and habitat. The deer do not eat the Stiltgrass, however they do spread the seeds around the park on their hooves and bodies. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>Catoctin Mountain Park came up with two possible solutions. The first was to build a deer fence to reduce the amount of deer in the park and thus minimizing the spread of stiltgrass. However, deer fences are very costly and not always practical for a national park.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>The second was to lethally remove the deer in the Catoctin region by “qualified federal employees.” (NPS, 2019) The goal was and remains to reduce the population to 15-20 deer per square mile. A number determined by the Deer Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement. The solution was implemented and worked very well. Stiltgrass went from covering 17% of the park to 11% allowing for more growth of native species. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:11.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:11.0pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>The venison meat did not go to waste. Since the start of the project in 2010 “more than 36,000 pounds of venison from Catoctin” (NPS, 2019) were donated to nonprofits. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>“Nonnative Species.” <i>National Parks Service</i>, U.S. Department of the Interior, 2015, </span><a href="http://www.nps.gov/cato/learn/nature/nonnativespecies.htm"><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>www.nps.gov/cato/learn/nature/nonnativespecies.htm</span></a><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>“White-Tailed Deer Management.” <i>National Parks Service</i>, U.S. Department of the Interior, 2019, </span><a href="http://www.nps.gov/cato/learn/nature/deer-management.htm"><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>www.nps.gov/cato/learn/nature/deer-management.htm</span></a><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black'>.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>Grace Carroll</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>Sierra Club Maryland Chapter Stewardship Intern </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:black;background:white'>stewardship.intern2@mdsierra.org</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Laurel Imlay <laurel.imlay@sierraclub.org> <br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, July 02, 2019 3:30 PM<br><b>To:</b> Stewardship Intern2 Intern <stewardship.intern2@mdsierra.org>; Marc Imlay <marc.imlay@mdsierra.org>; Sally Gagne <sgagne@erols.com>; Linda Rieger <lindarieger@verizon.net>; Jeri Roth <jeri.roth@mdsierra.org><br><b>Cc:</b> Stewardship Outings <Stewardship.Outings@mdsierra.org>; Outings Intern <outings.intern@mdsierra.org><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: deer management blog<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Nice!<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Could you please put it in the deer management folder and call it Deer Management Blogs.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Could you please share it for editing with my <a href="mailto:laurel.imlay@mdsierra">laurel.imlay@mdsierra</a> account? <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Could you also share it for getting comments on it with Sally Gagne <<a href="mailto:sgagne@erols.com">sgagne@erols.com</a>> and Linda Rieger <<a href="mailto:lindarieger@verizon.net">lindarieger@verizon.net</a>> and <a href="mailto:Marc.imlay@mdsierra.org">Marc.imlay@mdsierra.org</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I'm not sure who else they would suggest.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>It would be good to have some pictures in it.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Also, please look on our website or elsewhere for links to connect with about deer management, ticks, and lyme disease for connections and references if people want to learn more.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Jeri Roth <<a href="mailto:jeri.roth@mdsierra.org">jeri.roth@mdsierra.org</a>> will be in tomorrow and could post it for you.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>thanks!<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Laurel<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Tue, Jul 2, 2019 at 1:26 PM Stewardship Intern2 Intern <<a href="mailto:stewardship.intern2@mdsierra.org" target="_blank">stewardship.intern2@mdsierra.org</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hey Laurel,<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>I also finished my blog on deer management and Heather looked it over and said it was good, so I am sending it to you for a final look over. Let me know what you think.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Grace<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div style='border:solid #DDDDDD 1.0pt;padding:4.0pt 4.0pt 4.0pt 4.0pt;max-height:18px'><p class=MsoNormal style='background:whitesmoke'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'><a href="https://docs.google.com/a/mdsierra.org/document/d/14ycfK6gXRkb1wJk4ebZy4vk2kdGD1XHf79jntJOXmZA/edit?usp=drive_web" target="_blank"><span style='border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://drive-thirdparty.googleusercontent.com/16/type/application/vnd.google-apps.document"> </span><span style='color:#1155CC;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none'>deer fence blog</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p></div></div></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal><br clear=all><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>-- <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Thanks!</span><br><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Laurel</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#222222'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;background:white'>----</span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Laurel Imlay<br>Chapter Coordinator<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="mailto:laurel.imlay@sierraclub.org" target="_blank">laurel.imlay@sierraclub.org</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Sierra Club Maryland Chapter<br>7338 Baltimore Ave, Suite 102<br>College Park, MD 20740<br>Direct: 240-764-5309 <span style='font-size:9.5pt'>Office: 301-277-7111 </span><br><a href="http://maryland.sierraclub.org/" target="_blank">http://maryland.sierraclub.org/</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";color:#009900;background:white'>Explore, Enjoy and Protect the Planet!</span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'>Learn more about our new Department of Equity, Inclusion and Justice! Visit </span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><a href="http://sierraclub.org/equity" target="_blank"><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#6611CC'>sierraclub.org/equity</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> for more on the </span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><a href="http://sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/GoingBeyondDiversity.pdf" target="_blank"><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1155CC'>new name</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> (shorthand “Equity”), our newly adopted </span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><a href="http://sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/1435%20DEI%20Walk%2004_web.pdf" target="_blank"><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1155CC'>vision, shared values, theory of change</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> and </span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><a href="http://sierraclub.org/sites/www.sierraclub.org/files/1435%20DEI%20Annual%20Report%2004_web.pdf" target="_blank"><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1155CC'>a report</span></a></span></b><b><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333'> on our progress so far.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";color:#009900'><a href="https://sierra.secure.force.com/actions/Maryland?_ga=2.4570611.155282592.1520273691-151809630.1497466406" target="_blank">Take Action for Maryland's Environment</a></span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br />
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