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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Perilla frutescens pathogens, such as <span style='color:#1F497D'>Cristuariella moricola, as p</span>otential biocontrol for more research. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>The research is comparably important to protect both agriculture and the natural environment.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Marc Imlay, PhD, <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Chair, Natural Places Committee, Sierra Club, Maryland Chapter<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Chair biological control committee, Mid-Atlantic Invasive Plant Council</span><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Weed Status and Injury Perilla mint causes more cattle deaths in Tennessee than any other toxic plant. Perilla is very poisonous to cattle and other ruminants, as well as horses. All plant parts are toxic, especially the flowering structures. Dried plants in hay can be toxic, but the greatest risk is associated with consumption of fresh plant material, especially if flowers and fruit are present. Perilla mint contains ketones that cause acute respiratory distress syndrome in cattle (ARDS), also called panting disease. Treatment is often ineffective. Although these plants can occur anywhere in a pasture or feed lot, they typically favor semi-shaded environments, and are most frequently located around farm structures, edges of woods and along fence rows. Cases of poisoning from these weeds are a concern during the late summer and early fall when other grasses and forages might be in short supply and the perilla mint is flowering. Cattle will normally not feed on these toxic weeds unless there is a shortage of other feed. Therefore, it is crucial to have a ready supply of quality feed available for farm animals during this time of the year <a href="https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W135.pdf"><span style='color:blue'>https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W135.pdf</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Kenney, Michael J - APHIS <<a href="mailto:michael.j.kenney@usda.gov">michael.j.kenney@usda.gov</a>> <br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, July 29, 2019 9:02 AM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>; <a href="mailto:INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU">INVASIVES@LISTSERV.UMD.EDU</a><br><b>Cc:</b> Kenney, Michael J - APHIS <<a href="mailto:michael.j.kenney@usda.gov">michael.j.kenney@usda.gov</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> RE: [INVASIVES] Perilla frutescens pathogens<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Hi all:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>I don’t know much about this plant:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>One of my references : Perilla frutescens…<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Fungal pathogen—Cristuariella moricola [imperfect fungus ] …” on Leaves in Ill. “<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Fungi on plants and plant products in the U.S. 1999. Farr et al. APS press.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Mike Kenney [ Ph.d. ]<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Containment scientist<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>USDA-APHIS –PPQ<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>RIVERDALE, MD.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><img border=0 width=382 height=157 style='width:3.9791in;height:1.6354in' id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D546AE.CA663F50" alt="https://tse4.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.1oUSV1s4vcj2MpNAgiZHKwHaDC&pid=Api&P=0&w=382&h=158"><o:p></o:p></p></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br />
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