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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Greetings: Please check out the video of NC on the proper way to dig Ficaria if you have small patches. Larger infestations must, of course, be sprayed with the
appropriate herbicide. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">See
</span><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="https://youtu.be/s9Hpq4Z4Tjg" target="_blank">https://youtu.be/s9Hpq4Z4Tjg
</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Johnny Randall<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">Johnny Randall, PhD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">Director of Conservation<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">North Carolina Botanical Garden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">CB 3375<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">Chapel Hill NC 27599<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">W – 919.962.2380<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">C – 919.923.0100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">ncbg.unc.edu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">Consider a Venus flytrap plate!
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">See
</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="https://ncbg.unc.edu/support/venus-flytrap-license-plate/">https://ncbg.unc.edu/support/venus-flytrap-license-plate/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><img border="0" width="392" height="261" style="width:4.0833in;height:2.7222in" id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D605B5.727DE100" alt="VFT plate final small"></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#2E74B5">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> MAIPC <maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Jim Hurley<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, March 29, 2020 10:05 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Gover Jr.,Arthur Earl <aeg2@psu.edu>; MAIPC Listserve (maipc@lists.maipc.org) <maipc@lists.maipc.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [MAIPC] Lesser Celandine Control<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Art, and Anyone Else with L.C. Control Experience,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">I am controlling LC (Ficaria verna) along a headwaters stream flowing through private property hayfield (largely fescue) and grass lawnish situations here in western
Greene Co., Virginia.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Last year, in an attempt to avoid harm to the grasses, I sprayed the LC with 2% Triclopyr, and the tops of the plants were all wilted within a few days. My question
last year was whether the Triclopyr killed the tubers as well.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">This year, it did not look as if the area had been treated at all. This year, my question is whether the Triclopyr did indeed work, but the soil is saturated with
LC tubers that were not touched by last year's treatment (implying that it will take a number of years of treatments to exhaust the tuber bank), or whether I need to switch to another more effective product. If the latter, is glyphosate the only alternative,
or are there other products out there that will kill the LC and avoid the grasses?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">For any IPC veterans out there who treated LC in the Arlington County, Lubber Run floodplain beginning in 2003, how many years did it take to complete the treatment?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Thanks!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Jim Hurley<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Blue Ridge PRISM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Stanardsville, VA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">-----Original Message-----
<br>
From: "Gover Jr., Arthur Earl" <br>
Sent: Mar 28, 2020 10:34 PM <br>
To: "MAIPC Listserve (<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>)"
<br>
Subject: Re: [MAIPC] Mugwort Control <br>
<br>
All, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">A point of clarification. We are discussing treatment in a non-optimal window to ease application and increase selectivity. It would be interesting to see if persistent
use of this approach will remove mugwort from a site and release the desired species. To date, my experience has been that to truly dispense with mugwort, later-season treatment with potent herbicides has been demonstrated to be the effective approach.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Our project compared multiple rates of clopyralid (CLP), aminopyralid (AMP), or aminocyclopyrachlor (ACP) in an experiment applied in October 2018. These are all
broadleaf herbicides that feature a high level of activity against composites and legumes (in general), have significant soil activity, and are generally safe to grasses and graminoids. We found ACP to provide reduction between 94 and 99 percent 1 year later,
which was significantly more potent than CLP (8 to 65 percent). Reduction in AMP-treated plots ranged from 76 to 81 percent.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Eliminating mugwort from a site is seemingly akin to removing Canada thistle. It can be done, but requires a multiple-operation program and fully executing it. If
you miss a step, the mugwort reboots to some degree, prolonging the program.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Be well.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Art<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Penn State Wildland Weed Management<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">116 ASI Building<br>
University Park, PA 16802<br>
<br>
(814) 863-9904<br>
(814) 863-6139 FAX<br>
<a href="http://plantscience.psu.edu/wildland" target="_blank">http://plantscience.psu.edu/wildland</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">On Mar 28, 2020, at 21:04, Nathan Hartshorne <<a href="mailto:nshartshorne@gmail.com" target="_blank">nshartshorne@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">If I recall correctly, 2% is pretty standard for foliar applications, but I just found a WVU page that suggests 3-4%. Plenty of stuff works on mugwort (I used 2,
4-D effectively as wll), it's just a matter of making sure one gets around to it. In a different attempt, I once had some engineer get us to plow mugwort which failed miserably since the root fragments are happy to grow back.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fextension.wvu.edu%2Flawn-gardening-pests%2Fweeds%2Fmugwort&data=02%7C01%7Caeg2%40psu.edu%7C792def891eab4577a47708d7d37d3781%7C7cf48d453ddb4389a9c1c115526eb52e%7C0%7C0%7C637210407071272860&sdata=ri69eLO3%2BceXoVgRRXgRDiC%2Bu6suuQPTLd3HgLlM8cQ%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/weeds/mugwort</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">On Fri, Mar 27, 2020 at 5:45 PM Moore, April -FS <<a href="mailto:april.moore@usda.gov" target="_blank">april.moore@usda.gov</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Do you find a particular percent solution of glyphosate better than another?</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Thanks.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> MAIPC
[mailto:<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Nathan Hartshorne<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 27, 2020 4:59 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Gover Jr., Arthur Earl <<a href="mailto:aeg2@psu.edu" target="_blank">aeg2@psu.edu</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> MAIPC Listserve (<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>) <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Mugwort Control</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">We have a surprising range of sprout times from Virginia up to northern PA/jersey as well as other mountainous
regions, so that does not surprise me yours hasn't sprouted. Where I am in Philly it is a few inches tall already. So there is certainly no problem waiting until yours has sprouted and then let it get a couple inches.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">I have used a few different herbicides including glyphosate and clearcast, but have no personal preference.
It takes a long time with each different one to get a preference, and I did not have that, so I have no particular recommendation. My recommendation really was just about the strategy to start early. Mugwort can take over a field if ignored, and spraying
only in the fall after it seeds has not shown me any particular usefulness. So if you hit it when it is young short, it is easy to avoid hitting other plants, helps suppress mugwort height, and does kill a fair percent of the plants.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">On Fri, Mar 27, 2020 at 4:05 PM Gover Jr., Arthur Earl <<a href="mailto:aeg2@psu.edu" target="_blank">aeg2@psu.edu</a>>
wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt;border-color:currentcolor currentcolor currentcolor rgb(204,204,204)">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Hi, Nathan.<br>
<br>
Could you elaborate on the current stage of the mugwort your addressing. In Central PA, mugwort emergence is in the future.<br>
<br>
What material are you using?<br>
<br>
Thanks.<br>
<br>
Be well.<br>
<br>
Art<br>
<br>
Penn State Wildland Weed Management<br>
116 ASI Building<br>
University Park, PA 16802<br>
<br>
(814) 863-9904<br>
(814) 863-6139 FAX<br>
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<br>
> On Mar 27, 2020, at 15:23, Nathan Hartshorne <<a href="mailto:nshartshorne@gmail.com" target="_blank">nshartshorne@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>
> <br>
> Hi All,<br>
> <br>
> I just wanted to say that in the past I have had success reducing mugwort invasions by spraying at this point of the year when it is still short and a lot of the natives still haven't even shown their sprouts. Now I got maybe as little as 20% killed and
the rest grew back, but that 20% was very helpful in thin areas. Also, the mugwort that did resprout grew shorter and was significantly easier to manage later in the season when I hit it again. If you have ever waded through a field of 5 ft tall mugwort
trying to spray it with a backpack sprayer, it is not easy. Anyways, just some advice.<br>
> <br>
> Best,<br>
> Nathan<br>
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