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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Thanks so much Wade. So how about us bringing back the native earthworms? Marc<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Wade Simmons <wps42@cornell.edu> <br><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, September 13, 2020 9:47 AM<br><b>To:</b> Marc Imlay <ialm@erols.com><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Microstegium versus Perilla, August 30 2020<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hi Marc, <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Here's some Microstegium related evidence out of the lab group that I work with at Cornell. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Deer abundance may be promoting Microstegium and impacting native species recovery. <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Two pieces of evidence:<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>1.) Microstegium densities decline within fenced areas over time<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>2.) Trillium performance is higher in microstegium sites fenced<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>And the most intriguing part is that deer impacts to plant communities may be mediated in part through non-native earthworms. Here's a fun figure showing how earthworm abundances relate to age of deer exclusion fences. Now that's an ecological mystery that is fun to hypothesize about!<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Best,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Wade Simmons<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Grad Student | Dept. of Natural Resources<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Cornell Univeristy<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><img width=447 height=563 style='width:4.6562in;height:5.8645in' id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.png@01D689BB.27FD9C30" alt="Screen Shot 2020-09-13 at 9.20.19 AM.png"><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><img width=483 height=344 style='width:5.0312in;height:3.5833in' id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:ii_kf158z9b1" alt="Screen Shot 2020-09-13 at 9.20.53 AM.png"><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><img width=421 height=563 style='width:4.3854in;height:5.8645in' id="_x0000_i1027" src="cid:image002.png@01D689BB.27FD9C30" alt="Screen Shot 2020-09-13 at 9.38.43 AM.png"><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Fri, Sep 11, 2020 at 3:34 PM Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Japanese stiltgrass is easy to pull out unlike many of the native competitors. One reason it grows fast is because it puts it’s energy into growing fast rather than maintaining strong roots. So how can we change things so that the native competitors outcompete stiltgrass because they have stronger roots? </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Marc Imlay, PhD Conservation biologist, </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Board member of the Mid-Atlantic Exotic Pest Plant Council, ,</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Natural Places Committee for the Maryland Chapter of the Sierra Club</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b>From:</b> James Remuzzi <<a href="mailto:james@sustainablesolutionsllc.net" target="_blank">james@sustainablesolutionsllc.net</a>> <br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, August 31, 2020 12:01 PM<br><b>To:</b> Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank">ialm@erols.com</a>><br><b>Cc:</b> MAIPC <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Microstegium versus Perilla, August 30 2020<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>We also noticed this in the field Marc.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>For whatever reason- Perrilla seems to outcompete JSG.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><br clear=all><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13'>James R. Remuzzi</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13;background:white'>President</span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13;background:white'>c:202-746-1649</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13;background:white'>o:855-478-7824</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13;background:white'>f: 202-706-6063</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13;background:white'><img border=0 width=199 height=60 style='width:2.0729in;height:.625in' id="gmail-m_-8380980029856755926_x005f_x0000_i1025" src="https://docs.google.com/a/sustainablesolutionsllc.net/uc?id=0Bynd-1KX8zwzOXhYczVrdHlDLTQ&export=download"></span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#274E13;background:white'><a href="http://sustainablesolutionsllc.net" target="_blank"><b>sustainablesolutionsllc.net</b></a></span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>On Mon, Aug 31, 2020 at 8:37 AM Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com" target="_blank">ialm@erols.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Microstegium versus Perilla</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>I came across a huge mono-culture of Japanese stiltgrass about 25% of an acre. In the middle of the patch was a monoculture patch of Beefsteak mint about 15 feet x 20 feet with almost no stiltgrass. There were two other beefsteak patches about 5 x 10 feet with no Microstegium. Is this just one non-native invasive outcompeting another one? Or is there another possibility that could be explored? For example, reintroduce Mentha arvenis. Any potential biocontrol?</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Marc Imlay, PhD</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Conservation biologist, </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Board member of the Mid-Atlantic Exotic Pest Plant Council, </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>,</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>Natural Places Committee</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt'>for the Maryland Chapter of the Sierra Club.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div id="gmail-m_-8380980029856755926gmail-m_-7051172010536785381DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=1 width="99%" noshade style='color:#909090' align=center></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 6.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 id="gmail-m_-8380980029856755926_x005f_x0000_i1027" src="https://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#3D4D5A'>This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. <br><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank">www.avast.com</a> </span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>_______________________________________________<br>MAIPC mailing list<br><a href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a><br><a href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org" target="_blank">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal>_______________________________________________<br>MAIPC mailing list<br><a href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org" target="_blank">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</a><br><a href="http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org" target="_blank">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div></div></body></html>