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<div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">I had really good results when spraying Japanese Stiltgrass with horticultural vinegar (30%)on a trail I use a lot. I used a standard backpack sprayer. The horticultural vinegar looks like it works well on grasses in general.</div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"> Richard Gardner</div><div><br></div>
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On Tuesday, July 13, 2021, 11:09:12 PM EDT, Jil Swearingen <jilswearingen@gmail.com> wrote:
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<div><div id="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144"><div dir="ltr"><div class="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144gmail_default" style="font-family:arial, sans-serif;font-size:small;">Please see email below.</div><div class="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144gmail_default" style="font-family:arial, sans-serif;font-size:small;">Thanks,</div><div class="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144gmail_default" style="font-family:arial, sans-serif;font-size:small;">Jil</div><br><div class="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144gmail_attr">---------- Forwarded message ---------<br>From: <strong class="ydp758ac178yiv5632679144gmail_sendername">Blue Ridge PRISM</strong> <span><<a href="mailto:info@blueridgeprism.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">info@blueridgeprism.org</a>></span><br>Date: Fri, Jul 9, 2021 at 5:42 PM<br>Subject: WEED ALERT | Japanese Stiltgrass<br>To: Jil Swearingen <<a href="mailto:jilswearingen@gmail.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">jilswearingen@gmail.com</a>><br></div><br><br><u></u>
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<div style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#ff0000;"><span style="font-family:arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:32px;">- WEED ALERT -</span></span></span></div>
<span style="color:#ff0000;"><span style="font-family:arial, helvetica neue, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size:32px;">ACT NOW ON JAPANESE STILTGRASS</span></span></span>
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<span style="font-size:10px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Image: Japanese stiltgrass. Photo credit: Chuck Bargeron, University of Georgia</span></span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Now is the time to begin controlling <strong>Japanese stiltgrass, <em>Microstegium vimineum, </em></strong>in the weeks just before it flowers and sets seed. </span><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">A native of Asia, Japanese stiltgrass was once used as packing material for transporting porcelain-- this is probably how it was introduced to North America. The earliest report of Japanese stiltgrass in the United States was in Knoxville, Tennessee in 1919. Currently, abundant amounts of Japanese stiltgrass can be found in most of the eastern United States. In Virginia, it is present in <a href="https://blueridgeprism.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=14f106d040bc4a19e9b83a704&id=8a6a21f4f7&e=bf80900bf7" style="color:#007c89;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">every county</a>.</span></span><br>
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<span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">A single Japanese stiltgrass plant can produce up to 1,000 seeds that can remain viable in the soil for at least three years. The seeds are then spread by animals, rain runoff, soil, and even human foot traffic. Taking action now will help minimize seed production and prevent stiltgrass from achieving a wider footprint.</span></span>
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<div style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#008080;"><span style="font-size:26px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">JAPANESE STILTGRASS THREATENS<br>
NATIVE PLANTS AND FORESTS</span></span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Japanese stiltgrass can spread quickly into a dense mat invading disturbed areas like floodplain forests and openings in the forest canopy. It moves readily along trails and roads. White-tailed deer especially avoid this plant increasing the browsing pressure on native plants. This leaves the stiltgrass to invade the ensuing open spaces, thereby posing a potential threat to the future of our forests. Japanase stiltgrass also increases the threat of intense forest fires due to the thick mats of dried leaves and stems present in the fall.<br>
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Moreover, because infestations of Japanese stiltgrass change the habitat of the forest floor, it becomes less hospitable for some ground-nesting bird species and even the American toad. Left alone, Japanese stiltgrass can overtake native plant life and vegetation in just three to five years.</span><br>
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<span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Learn more:</span></span><br>
<a href="https://blueridgeprism.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=14f106d040bc4a19e9b83a704&id=a6950d9882&e=bf80900bf7" style="color:#007c89;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="color:#0000ff;"><em><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Deer prefer native plants leaving lasting damage on forests</span></em></span></a><br>
<a href="https://blueridgeprism.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=14f106d040bc4a19e9b83a704&id=054d7c6ba3&e=bf80900bf7" style="color:#007c89;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="color:#0000ff;"><em><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">More wolf spiders feasting on American toads due to invasive grass</span></em></span></a></span></div>
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<div style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:10px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Image: A forest invaded by Japanese stiltgrass. Photo credit: USDA Forest Service</span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#008080;font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;font-size:26px;">APPEARANCE</span><br>
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<div style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:#000000;">Japanese stiltgrass is a warm season, annual grass with shallow roots. It is found across a variety of light and moisture conditions. Plant height varies from 6 inches to 4 feet tall depending upon the growing conditions and grows tallest in moist and sunny environments. Taller plants will typically lie flat along the ground or propped up against other vegetation. Stiltgrass has pale green, lance-shaped leaves that are between one to three inches long. The leaves alternate along an often droopy stem. Look for a silvery main vein running just off center of each leaf.</span></span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:10px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Image: Japanese stiltgrass leaves feature an off center silverly main vein. Photo credit: West Virginia Extension Service</span></span></div>
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<div style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:#008080;font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;font-size:26px;">CONTROL</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="color:#000000;"><strong>Hand-pull:</strong> Small patches in garden beds or elsewhere can be easily hand-pulled because of Japanese stiltgrass' shallow root system. Pulling when the soil is moist will speed the process.<br>
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<strong>Mow: </strong>For larger areas of stiltgrass, use a mower set very low and cut as close to the ground as possible, so no green is left on the plant. This decreases the chance of it resprouting. If using a string-trimmer, hold the trimmer at a slight downward angle so the string digs about a quarter-inch into the ground to sever roots from stems. Leave clippings from mowed or cut stiltgrass in place to die if seeds have not formed. <strong>Timing is key here. Mow when the plants are just about to flower, August - September. </strong><br>
<br>
<strong>Foliar Spray:</strong> Apply a recommended herbicide before stiltgrass flowers and sets seed, July - early September. Grass selective herbicides are most effective. See <a href="https://blueridgeprism.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=14f106d040bc4a19e9b83a704&id=1347c58e7c&e=bf80900bf7" style="color:#007c89;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Virginia Department of Forestry Guidelines</a> or <a href="https://blueridgeprism.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=14f106d040bc4a19e9b83a704&id=54b76ac96c&e=bf80900bf7" style="color:#007c89;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Management Guide for Invasive Plants in Southern Forests</a> for specific herbicide recommendations. </span></span>
<div style="text-align:left;"><br>
<span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="color:#000000;"><strong>Notes:</strong><br>
<br>
Be aware that although you have eliminated this year’s seed production there is still seed in the soil that can germinate. As a result, you will need to employ monitoring and management techniques for a number of years. It is worth it!<br>
<br>
Always follow all herbicide label directions and wear personal protective equipment (PPE) per label instructions. <br>
<br>
Take care to avoid herbicide contact with desirable plants.</span> </span><br>
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<div style="text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><a href="https://blueridgeprism.us14.list-manage.com/track/click?u=14f106d040bc4a19e9b83a704&id=d55a251c16&e=bf80900bf7" style="color:#007c89;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="color:#0000cd;">Download our fact sheet</span></a> <span style="color:#000000;">for more information.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size:10px;"><span style="font-family:open sans, helvetica neue, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;">Image: Characteristics of Japanese stiltgrass. Photo credit: Alabama Cooperative Extension System </span></span>
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