<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)">
<!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Helvetica;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
span.apple-converted-space
{mso-style-name:apple-converted-space;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple">
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal">I have observed similar situations. Forest with tall mature trees and high canopy like tulip poplar have stilt grass and little understory or subcanopy layer, thus not enough deep shade. Where I have seen beech forest with less stilt
grass. Problem is that too many deer browse understory and basically remove it from the subcanopy or preventing subcanopy development.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I believe deer population control is key to encouraging and developing subcanopy as well as reducing invasive spread. It’s time to look at multiple approaches, control deer population, use fencing to restrict deer access/browse, herbicide
treatments for isolated patches. It would be interesting to know if areas where deer hunting is common and consistent (like PA WMA) are any different than areas of less hunting (like Parks). Is anyone aware of research that corelates deer population/density
with stilt grass density?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Bill Buettner<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> MAIPC <maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org> <b>On Behalf Of
</b>MARGARET L CHATHAM<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, October 4, 2021 8:35 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Marc Imlay <ialm@erols.com><br>
<b>Cc:</b> MAIPC Listserve <maipc@lists.maipc.org><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Volunteer wants to use beech trees as amagic wand to remove stiltgrass.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The key here is shade density: take another look & notice that holly does an even better job of creating a stiltgrass gap — but beech & especially holly keep everything else out at the same time. Not much point in holding back stiltgrass
if it doesn't encourage native forbs.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Margaret Chatham (totally uncredentialed weed warrior)<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">On Oct 3, 2021, at 5:29 PM, Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Volunteer wants to use beech trees as a magic wand to remove stiltgrass.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">-----Original Message-----<br>
From: keith barrack <<a href="mailto:rkbarrack@yahoo.com">rkbarrack@yahoo.com</a>><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
Sent: Sunday, October 03, 2021 3:10 PM<br>
To: mark imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>><br>
Subject: today, Oct 3<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Hi Mark,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">boy, carrying three of those bags back was a chore….I had to drag them at times and hope the bags didnt get too torn!<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Anyway, on my stroll back, I paid particular attention to where the stilitgrass was growimg prominently….and where it wasn’t. In conjunction with our brainstorm, earlier, wouldnt you know it….wherever there were patches of zero stiltgrass,
there was an abundance of beech trees. Thats not to say I didmt run into a beech tree….or two…that had stilt grass under it…..but also there were other trees amidst that beech tree.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">So, there does seem to be something about those beech trees that keep the stilitgrass in check. Whether it is the soil that beech likes to grow in or simply a chemical compound in the leaves might be something worth investigating.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">otherwise, enjoy the following pictures from our hike today, alomg with the mushroom growing in our yard that i told you about.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">sorry I couldnt stay longer. i’ll be in touch about next weekend.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">I tried to send all pics in the email but files were too big, they will ne comimg seperate.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">
<hr size="1" width="401" style="width:300.4pt" noshade="" style="color:#909090" align="center">
</span></div>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 6.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avast.com%2Fantivirus&data=04%7C01%7CWBuettner%40mdot.maryland.gov%7C68538eed5dfc4e5f67bd08d9873359a1%7Cb38cd27c57ca4597be2822df43dd47f1%7C0%7C1%7C637689476904756567%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&sdata=IOWcdTapyupV%2Bq7ptk93rOIRqA6OpEaouTKqmSRGPlk%3D&reserved=0"><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" id="_x0000_i1026" src="https://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:#3D4D5A">This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software.<br>
</span><a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avast.com%2Fantivirus&data=04%7C01%7CWBuettner%40mdot.maryland.gov%7C68538eed5dfc4e5f67bd08d9873359a1%7Cb38cd27c57ca4597be2822df43dd47f1%7C0%7C1%7C637689476904766523%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&sdata=Fnf9E%2BWnKIi9w%2F6Hrh5hrbeIA%2FDSyqatI2i9yLtBqxk%3D&reserved=0"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">www.avast.com</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:#3D4D5A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_______________________________________________<br>
MAIPC mailing list<br>
</span><a href="mailto:MAIPC@lists.maipc.org"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">MAIPC@lists.maipc.org</span></a><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br>
</span><a href="https://gcc02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flists.maipc.org%2Flistinfo.cgi%2Fmaipc-maipc.org&data=04%7C01%7CWBuettner%40mdot.maryland.gov%7C68538eed5dfc4e5f67bd08d9873359a1%7Cb38cd27c57ca4597be2822df43dd47f1%7C0%7C1%7C637689476904776476%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000&sdata=9vXw6dBgH5C%2Be59I2GhY897wZwTa2flpaQY1ErKF2l4%3D&reserved=0"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">http://lists.maipc.org/listinfo.cgi/maipc-maipc.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>