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<p class="MsoNormal">In terms of RX fire, my experience has been that spring burns encourage stiltgrass growth. An early fall burn can knock it back, if it’s timed just right (i.e., if it’s still in seed), but it’s often too difficult to burn annually, thus
the seedbank remains.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Please note new address and phone number<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Deborah Landau, Ph.D.</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"><br>
<i>Director of Ecological Management</i><br>
<a href="mailto:dlandau@tnc.org">dlandau@tnc.org</a><br>
(240) 630-7049 (Phone) <br>
(240) 888-2041 (Mobile) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#339933">The Nature Conservancy</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#339933"><br>
<b>Maryland/D.C. Chapter</b> </span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">425 Barlow Place<br>
Suite 100<br>
Bethesda, MD 20814</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> MAIPC <maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org> <b>On Behalf Of
</b>Kneipp, Gregg H<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, October 17, 2021 8:46 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Heidi Allen <rundvm@gmail.com>; Marc Imlay <ialm@erols.com>; MAIPC Listserve <maipc@lists.maipc.org>; Randall, Johnny <jrandall@email.unc.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] [EXTERNAL] Re: Another stiltgrass question<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black">Good Morning, everyone. Another few questions concerning stiltgrass. Does anyone know how long after flowering that viable seed is produced? And, has anyone ever tried prescribed fire
to control stiltgrass? If so, how successful and what was your timing? Thanks!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks, <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Gregg Kneipp<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Chief of Resources Management <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Prince William Forest Park <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">National Park Service <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:black">From:</span></b><span style="color:black"> MAIPC <<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>> on behalf of Heidi Allen <<a href="mailto:rundvm@gmail.com">rundvm@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 16, 2021 11:00:08 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:ialm@erols.com">ialm@erols.com</a>>; MAIPC Listserve <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>>; Randall, Johnny <<a href="mailto:jrandall@email.unc.edu">jrandall@email.unc.edu</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [EXTERNAL] Re: [MAIPC] Another stiltgrass question</span> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p align="center" style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> This email has been received from outside of DOI - Use caution before clicking on links, opening attachments, or responding. </span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I am having good succes and it is hard to hear the number of people who struggle with stitlgrass when I have more problems with mile-a-minute and garlic mustard. I am wondering
if it is me or the park. Or maybe both. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Similar to Marc’s comment, I often need about 3 years before I feel that I am winning the battle, but if I count the bags being removed it is obvious that they are decreasing. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">The park I am currently working in is a 150 acre park with both wooded, dry uplands with minimal stiltgrass and lowland flood zones that are densely covered. We surround
a couple of athletic fields and an elementary school. The park is into a community and there are several drainage streams from the community’s roadways. We have a fairly acidic, clay based soil and a healthy forrest with a decent amount of shade in many areas.
We also have a large and very diverse native seed load so planting is often not required. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">The program I use is a 2-3 year mass removal where I do not care about getting every single plant, instead we focus on dropping the seed low in the most efficient way possible.
After 2-3 years we can start to pick spots where we can clear the stiltgrass and by year 6-7 we are removing only a scattered amount if that. Recently I started to use a bow rake which appears to remove 95% of plants if not more and has increased our success
rate. The rakes seem to work best if you wait until mid to late August to use and they have minimal effect on most native plants.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I also try to let an area rest in between removal time periods - removing some of the plants and then going back 6-12 months later to do more removal. This seems to allow
our native plants more time to grow and reproduce. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Of course, I am making a lot of assumptions in all of this. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Thanks for your guidance. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">-- <br>
Heidi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="xairmailon"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">On October 16, 2021 at 10:11:09 PM, Randall, Johnny (<a href="mailto:jrandall@email.unc.edu">jrandall@email.unc.edu</a>) wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Heidi and others. I think there are too many variables to consider on stiltgrass invasion and persistence to answer your questions. Removal in areas where it is infrequently
(re)introduced (outside of floodways) is a viable solution. It’s a C-4 grass which gives it the physiological/anatomical potential to persist in uplands unless it is removed before going to seed.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Johnny Randall
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> MAIPC <<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Marc Imlay<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 16, 2021 10:03 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Heidi Allen' <<a href="mailto:rundvm@gmail.com">rundvm@gmail.com</a>>; 'MAIPC Listserve' <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MAIPC] Another stiltgrass question<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Before stiltgrass has moved in too fast into my park from elsewhere, I found if I removed it all for 3 years, by the 4<sup>th</sup> year I was finally happy. Marc</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> MAIPC <<a href="mailto:maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org">maipc-bounces@lists.maipc.org</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Heidi Allen<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, October 16, 2021 2:24 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> MAIPC Listserve <<a href="mailto:maipc@lists.maipc.org">maipc@lists.maipc.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [MAIPC] Another stiltgrass question<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I know there have been several discussions about stiltgrass and I apologize if I have missed some information. But, I am trying to figure out the difference between my volunteer
site and other volunteer’s success in removing stiltgrass. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Besides shade, soil characteristics (pH, moisture, etc. ), and deer browsing has anyone looked into the habitat restoration plan or the native seed bank to see if there
is an effect upon % of stiltgrass seeds that germinate, survival rate of seeds, and growth rate of the stiltgrass? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> I am specifically wondering about the following items:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">1) The number of native seeds, not type of seeds.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">2) the process of invasive removal - either removing all invasive plants in one year (repeating as needed) or a staging process over several years - bushes, vines, forbs,
other graminoids, then stiltgrass.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">3) Planting native plants (plugs and quart sized plants) vs doing nothing vs using a seed mix. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I appreciate my guidance people can provide. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">-- <br>
Heidi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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