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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Does anyone have new references for biocontrol and effects on the economy? Thanks<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Marc<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Lily Fountain <lily.fountain@mdsierra.org> <br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, May 05, 2022 2:58 PM<br><b>To:</b> Marc Imlay <wildmarcimlay@gmail.com><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: Add up Campaign final update<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>they are old<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Lily Fountain <br>Chair, Maryland Sierra Club Natural Places Committee<br>Sierra Club Outings leader<br>NAACP Lifetime Member<br>301-442-5854 mobile<br><br><a href="mailto:lily.fountain@mdsierra.org">lily.fountain@mdsierra.org</a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> wildmarcimlay@gmail.com <wildmarcimlay@gmail.com> <br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, May 05, 2022 1:59 PM<br><b>To:</b> 'Lily Fountain' <lily.fountain@mdsierra.org><br><b>Cc:</b> wildmarcimlay@gmail.com; chuck@igc.org; 'Gail Landy' <ag7dollar@msn.com>; 'Melina Frame' <mellframe@yahoo.com>; 'Carolyn Parsa' <carolyn.parsa@mdsierra.org><br><b>Subject:</b> RE: Add up Campaign final update<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>The references are in the attachment. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b>From:</b> Lily Fountain <<a href="mailto:lily.fountain@mdsierra.org">lily.fountain@mdsierra.org</a>> <br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, May 05, 2022 11:16 AM<br><b>To:</b> Marc Imlay <<a href="mailto:wildmarcimlay@gmail.com">wildmarcimlay@gmail.com</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: Add up Campaign final update<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'>Marc,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'>I don't want this letter to get lost as it has some important ideas. Is it a draft based on a previous letter? It has no links or references. The tone needs to be relatively formal for a congressional letter. I am working as fast as I can to set up the folder with files. Sending the TO DO list soon. I lost the email with the text and had to copy the Action Items from the video, which was the cause of the delay.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'> Please plan to present your draft at our next meeting with both my suggestions and Chuck's suggestions for cost figures. Please be mindful of multiple emails to the team. Your new ideas can be for the agenda of the next meeting, sent to me. This way your valuable expertise will not be lost in a a forgotten email stream.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'>Thank you,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif'>Lily<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><div><div><div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=470 style='width:352.5pt'><tr><td width=10 valign=top style='width:7.5pt;padding:0in 7.5pt 0in 7.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><img border=0 width=65 height=101 style='width:.677in;height:1.052in' id="_x0000_i1028" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/ucwebapp.wisestamp.com/26768949-7b99-49aa-a6f2-1dc12aed3928/SCLogo_VertWebGreen.format_png.resize_120x.png" alt=photo></span><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td valign=top style='border:none;border-right:solid #333333 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'></td><td valign=top style='padding:0in 7.5pt 0in 7.5pt;text-align:initial;font-stretch:normal'><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#666666'>Lily Fountain </span></b><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#666666'>pronouns: she/her/hers</span></i><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999'>Cell: </span></b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999'>301-442-5854</span><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999'><a href="mailto:lily.fountain@mdsierra.org" target="_blank">lily.fountain@mdsierra.org</a></span></b><i><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#666666'> </span></i><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999'>Chair, <a href="http://www.sierraclub.org/maryland/natural-places" target="_blank">Natural Places Committee</a></span></b><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999'>Delegate, <a href="http://Maryland" target="_blank">Prince George's Sierra Club</a> Exec Comm, Outings Leader </span></b><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999'>Maryland Sierra Club </span></b><span style='font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#444444'>PO Box 278 Riverdale, MD 20738</span><span style='font-family:Roboto;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Wed, May 4, 2022 at 10:17 PM <<a href="mailto:wildmarcimlay@gmail.com" target="_blank">wildmarcimlay@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#4472C4'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Dear Senator Ben Cardin and Chris Van Hollen and Congressman Steny Hoyer,</span></b> <b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" target="_blank" title="Andy Harris (politician)"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Andy Harris</span></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" target="_blank" title="Dutch Ruppersberger"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Dutch Ruppersberger</span></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sarbanes" target="_blank" title="John Sarbanes"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>John Sarbanes</span></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_G._Brown" target="_blank" title="Anthony G. Brown"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Anthony G. Brown</span></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Trone" target="_blank" title="David Trone"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>David Trone</span></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" target="_blank" title="Kweisi Mfume"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Kweisi Mfume</span></a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" target="_blank" title="Jamie Raskin"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Jamie Raskin</span></a></span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>The Maryland Chapter of the Sierra Club requests an additional $ one million funding be offered to biocontrol research laboratories at Universities, Federal and State agencies and the USDA.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b> </b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>One of our most productive</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>activities to save our natural areas is to facilitate research that will make host specific biological controls available. Insects that consume the non-native invasive plant species can substitute for the controls where the species came from in the world. Of the 15 top non-native invasive plant species in the mid-Atlantic region five (Purple Loosestrife, Mile-a-minute, Japanese Knotweed, Pale and Black Swallow-worts, and Garlic Mustard) now have one or two non-native insects or fungi that feed on them although the permit request for garlic mustard has not been approved yet. They were brought over after being tested for host specificity in Eurasia and then tested in quarantine conditions in the United States. Typically, about 50 such bio-control agents control these species in their native countries so if one or two can control them here that is amazing. In actuality, bio-controls work about half the time reducing the invasive species to about 10% of its former abundance. The problem of bio-controls harming non-target organisms is only about 3% as frequent as before the new rules of proving host specificity went into effect about 20 years ago. Native and indigenous biocontrols are also searched for in the range of the non-native invasive species in America. <br><br>Success stories include a native viral pathogen (rose-rosette disease), which is spread by a tiny native mite, Rose-rosette disease, native to the western U.S.,</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span><b><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>that has been spreading eastwardly at a slow pace and is thought to hold the potential for eliminating multiflora rose in areas where it grows in dense patches. Tree of Heaven is an invasive non-native plant and is considered one of the top ten weeds in North America for about 200 years. A law passed in the 19th century makes it illegal to plant it in Washington, DC. A mixture of field and laboratory research shows that native and indigenous biocontrols from the new Southern part of the range are available. The insects consist of Aculops ailanthii and Atteva punctella with various fusarium fungi co-hosts. Here is an example of the need for research for biocontrols; Let's do the same for our invasive Japanese Stiltgrass.: Cheatgrass "has fuelled almost 80% of the largest fires in the west over the last ten years. Researchers are looking at a range of solutions including using a fungus to attack the grass seed. " </span></b><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>The USDA biological control lab in France agreed that searching for a potential insect or pathogen to control Lesser Celandine (Fig Buttercup) is a great idea. But they just do not have the money. </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Natural Places Committee, Maryland Sierra Club</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p></div><div id="m_1438643610090279226gmail-m_3227786419482705601gmail-m_-1039898162219053907DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=1 width="99%" noshade style='color:#909090' align=center></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td style='padding:0in 11.25pt 0in 6.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=90 height=33 style='width:.9375in;height:.3437in' id="_x0000_i1027" src="https://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#3D4D5A'>This email has been checked for viruses by Avast antivirus software. <br><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus" target="_blank">www.avast.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div></div></body></html>