[MAIPC] biocontrol research direction?

[wildmarcimlay at gmail.com]

Abstract

Invasive species utilize a wide array of trait strategies to establish in novel ecosystems. Among these traits is the capacity to produce allelopathic compounds that can directly inhibit neighboring native plants or indirectly suppress native plants via disruption of beneficial belowground microbial mutualisms, or altered soil resources. Despite the well-known prevalence of allelopathy among plant taxa, the pervasiveness of allelopathy among invasive plants is unknown. Here we demonstrate that the majority of the 524 invasive plant species in our database produce allelochemicals with the potential to negatively affect native plant performance. Moreover, allelopathy is widespread across the plant phylogeny, suggesting that allelopathy could have a large impact on native species across the globe. Allelopathic impacts of invasive species are often thought to be present in only a few plant clades (e.g., Brassicaceae). Yet our analysis shows that allelopathy is present in 72% of the 113 plant families surveyed, suggesting that this ubiquitous mechanism of invasion deserves more attention as invasion rates increase across the globe.

 

Discussion and conclusion

Invasive species are among the greatest threats to native plant biodiversity (Gaertner et al. 2009 <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#ref-CR8> ; Powell et al. 2011 <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#ref-CR19> ; Vilà et al. 2011 <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#ref-CR25> ) and the prevalence of invasive plants is increasing (MEA 2005 <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#ref-CR15> ). Despite this threat to native biodiversity, the mechanisms underlying invasion are still not well resolved. Here we demonstrate that allelopathy is a common invasion mechanism across the plant phylogeny, present in every lineage examined. Given that not all invasive plants in our database have been tested, it is likely that allelopathy in invasive species is even greater than we report here. While model allelopathic invasive plants (e.g., Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard); Fallopia japonica (Japanese knotweed)) have received the bulk of study and notoriety in invasion literature, our analysis suggests allelopathy is a widespread mechanism of invasion success. Future research aimed at demonstrating the prevalence of direct (e.g., plant-plant inhibition) versus indirect pathways (e.g., inhabitation of native plant-microbial interactions) of allelopathy is necessary to mediate the detrimental effects of invasion in native ecosystems.

Published: 03 November 2020 <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#article-info> 

Allelopathy is pervasive in invasive plants

*	Susan Kalisz <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#auth-Susan-Kalisz> , 
*	Stephanie N. Kivlin <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#auth-Stephanie_N_-Kivlin>  & 
*	Lalasia Bialic-Murphy <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#auth-Lalasia-Bialic_Murphy>  

 <https://link.springer.com/journal/10530> Biological Invasions volume 23, pages 367–371 (2021)Cite this article <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10530-020-02383-6#citeas>  

*	2698 Accesses
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*	Metrics  <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10530-020-02383-6/metrics> 

 

 

 

 

 

From: Michael Benedict <zeuwsus at gmail.com> 
Sent: Saturday, November 27, 2021 6:10 AM
To: wildmarcimlay at gmail.com
Subject: Re: democracy leader

 

Hi Marc,

 

My mom said she’s working on it.👍🏻

 

Michael

 





On Nov 26, 2021, at 8:32 AM, <wildmarcimlay at gmail.com <mailto:wildmarcimlay at gmail.com> > <wildmarcimlay at gmail.com <mailto:wildmarcimlay at gmail.com> > wrote:

 

 

Hi Virginia . Please help us democrats next year in Charles County and throw out the 2 republicans that won because they pretended to be democrats.

 

 


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