[MAIPC] FW: Stilt grass question

Tue Sep 29 14:37:23 PDT 2015

You are primarily seeing a mulch-effect against the stiltgrass under the heavy , coarse and slow to decompose holly and oak leaves.  

Patrick Kelly, HorticulturistVegetation Control and Conservation Services
PDK Horticultural, LLCCentreville, MD  21617

     On Tuesday, September 29, 2015 4:48 PM, Dewey <historictimekeepers at gmail.com> wrote:

  Thanks for the clarification Alyssa.  I came across the cite earlier in the year (via Cornell I think?) and I tend to store the bottom line.  Apologies.

 I think your work has implications for trails that are in lightly infested areas here in the Mid Atlantic. Not sure anything can be done with the 500 acre monocultures that seem to be popping up though.

 I think your work may help explain the recent explosion we have seen on our trails.  About 5 years ago we had a massive gypsy moth problem that killed the oaks on ridges (removing leaf much and acid) .  Since the tread is bare soil and now well exposed to sun, the stiltgrass just started running.

 Could be it is important to get the trails mulched when such events occur.  Of course, who pays and gets it done is the $20,000 question.

 Regards,

Dewey Clark,

Club Naturalist
Potomac Appalachian Trail Club

 On 9/29/2015 4:35 PM, Reid, Alyssa (PARKS) wrote:

#yiv9876487723 #yiv9876487723 -- _filtered #yiv9876487723 {font-family:Helvetica;panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {font-family:Helvetica;panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {font-family:Calibri;panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {font-family:Tahoma;panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {panose-1:2 4 5 2 5 5 5 3 3 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {panose-1:2 4 6 3 5 5 5 3 3 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {font-family:Consolas;panose-1:2 11 6 9 2 2 4 3 2 4;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {panose-1:3 15 7 2 3 3 2 2 2 4;}#yiv9876487723 #yiv9876487723 p.yiv9876487723MsoNormal, #yiv9876487723 li.yiv9876487723MsoNormal, #yiv9876487723 div.yiv9876487723MsoNormal {margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;font-size:12.0pt;color:black;}#yiv9876487723 a:link, #yiv9876487723 span.yiv9876487723MsoHyperlink {color:blue;text-decoration:underline;}#yiv9876487723 a:visited, #yiv9876487723 span.yiv9876487723MsoHyperlinkFollowed {color:purple;text-decoration:underline;}#yiv9876487723 p {margin-right:0in;margin-left:0in;font-size:12.0pt;color:black;}#yiv9876487723 pre {margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;font-size:10.0pt;color:black;}#yiv9876487723 p.yiv9876487723MsoAcetate, #yiv9876487723 li.yiv9876487723MsoAcetate, #yiv9876487723 div.yiv9876487723MsoAcetate {margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;font-size:8.0pt;color:black;}#yiv9876487723 span.yiv9876487723HTMLPreformattedChar {font-family:Consolas;color:black;}#yiv9876487723 span.yiv9876487723BalloonTextChar {}#yiv9876487723 span.yiv9876487723EmailStyle22 {color:#1F497D;}#yiv9876487723 span.yiv9876487723EmailStyle23 {color:#1F497D;}#yiv9876487723 .yiv9876487723MsoChpDefault {font-size:10.0pt;} _filtered #yiv9876487723 {margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}#yiv9876487723 div.yiv9876487723WordSection1 {}#yiv9876487723  Hi Everyone,     Just to clarify, the invasives work at Minnewaska was done by NY State Parks, not the DEC. We have found mulching with leaves to be effective at smothering stiltgrass, but this must be repeated annually. Mulching with wood chips is also effective, and lasts a little longer, but will again succumb  to stiltgrass after 2-3 years if not repeated.     This year we also tried what we are calling the “Stiltgrass Shuffle,” where we preform heavy scuffing of the topsoil in order to remove the roots and plant. The better rooted natives can withstand this and remain. This was done in mid June and mid July here at Minnewaska in 10x10 plots, and  those plots are still bare ground, despite being surrounded by stiltgrass on all sides.  Several years ago my supervisor, Bob O’Brien, put some dry ice on the ground under a box and that killed off the stiltgrass for several years, meanwhile the asters also underneath the box recovered within a few weeks.     Thanks everyone for fighting the good fight,  Alyssa    Alyssa Reid Invasive Species Project Coordinator NYS Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation PO Box 893 New Paltz, NY 12561 845-256-0579 Alyssa.Reid at parks.ny.gov    Follow the Nature Times blog for news about wildlife, projects, and events in our Parks! http://nysparksnaturetimes.com/      From: MAIPC [mailto:maipc-bounces at lists.maipc.org] On Behalf Of Dewey
 Sent: Monday, September 28, 2015 1:00 PM
 To: MarneyB
 Cc: INVASIVES at listserv.umd.edu; 'MA-IPC MA-IPC'
 Subject: Re: [MAIPC] FW: Stilt grass question      Marney,

 You may also be getting the "mulch effect".  NYS DEC has done work at Minnewaska SP that suggests mulching stiltgrass along trails suppresses it.

  Regards,   Dewey Clark, g  On 9/28/2015 12:49 PM, MarneyB wrote:  
 Oak leaves, too. For the same reasons. I have kept much of my property free of stilt grass by mulching with the leaves from my pin oak (topped with pine needles so the leaves don’t blow away).   Marney     From: MAIPC [mailto:maipc-bounces at lists.maipc.org] On Behalf Of Ellis, Michael
 Sent: Monday, September 28, 2015 9:49 AM
 To: Earl "Bud" Reaves Jr.; tomnjan2
 Cc: INVASIVES at listserv.umd.edu; MA-IPC MA-IPC
 Subject: Re: [MAIPC] FW: Stilt grass question       I agree with Bud, and I was going to say Hollies and laurels/rhododendrons/azaleas generally prefer to grow in acidic soils.  You should also notice less stilt grass growing in pine forests and under large pines due to acidity of decomposing pine needles.       I'd further venture to say the rate of decomposition of the strong holly and laurel leaves may be playing a role. The dense lignin/cellulose  content of holly leaves means it takes at least two years for the leaves to break down.  My thought is that these trees may be self mulching and stilt grass may have a hard time establishing in areas of dense, long lasting leaf litter.      Michael Ellis
 Non-Native Invasive Plant Specialist
 Natural and Historical Resources Division, Park Ranger Office
 The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission
 www.pgparks.com 

 240-429-5042       _____________________________
 From: Earl "Bud" Reaves Jr. <ipreav00 at aacounty.org>
 Sent: Monday, September 28, 2015 9:30 AM
 Subject: Re: [MAIPC] FW: Stilt grass question
 To: tomnjan2 <tomnjan2 at comcast.net>
 Cc: MA-IPC MA-IPC <maipc at lists.maipc.org>, <INVASIVES at listserv.umd.edu>

    I think it may be a soil condition, specifically a low pH from the accumulation of leaf debris.  Stilt grass is known to prefer more basic soils.         On Mon, Sep 28, 2015 at 8:46 AM, tomnjan2 <tomnjan2 at comcast.net> wrote:    There were areas that little light was clearly at play, but a blanketed grass area with a lone Holly still didn't have grass  below. Tree heights were mixed, and many were in significant sunlight as well. This variety of holly is more open than common garden type.    Jan 

 Sent from my iPad      
 On Sep 28, 2015, at 8:03 AM, "Hughes, Jake" <  jake_hughes at nps.gov> wrote:   
   My guess is that light limitation is at work.  Cole and Weltzin found the same pattern with paw paw (Asimina triloba):       Cole, P.G. and J.F. Weltzin. 2005. Light limitation creates patchy distribution of an invasive grass in eastern deciduous forests. Biological Invasions 7(3): 477-488.           On Mon, Sep 28, 2015 at 6:27 AM, Marc Imlay <ialm at erols.com> wrote:    Any response for Tom and Jan? Marc Imlay, PhD, Chair, Biological control working Group   Conservation biologist, Park Ranger Office, Non-native Invasive Plant  Control coordinator.
 (301) 442-5657 cell  ialm at erols.com
 Natural and Historical Resources Division
 The  Maryland-National   Capital   Park  and Planning Commission
 www.pgparks.com         -----Original Message-----
 From: tomnjan2 [mailto:tomnjan2 at comcast.net] 
 Sent: Monday, September 28, 2015 12:16 AM
 To: Marc Imlay <ialm at erols.com>
 Subject: Stilt grass question   Hi Marc,  Tom (Crone) and I were walking around the back end of Greenbelt Park today. He was checking on some  multiflora rose he'd cut earlier as well stilt grass he cut. But I noticed something I hadn't before. There were large swathes of stilt grass that had bare patches within  those areas. The common denominator was Holly tree leaf shed. We started searching elsewhere and found the same correlation. The stilt grass totally avoided wherever the dropped  holly leaves landed. Have you seen this before, or know if there's a specific chemical in the leaf that inhibits or kills the grass? Or some other symbiotic relationship  creating the inhibition? I'm really curious to know. As we were driving out of the park, I started looking at the mountain laurel and what I saw didn't seem to be surrounded by  stilt grass either.   thanks Jan Steiner   Sent from my iPad=       
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